Free Flow of Capital in Developing Countries Essay -- Essays Papers

Free Flow of Capital in Developing Countries Today, there are not many who contend against organized commerce, in any case, the possibility of capital versatility to and from creating nations is an exceptionally discussed issue. Capital is the financing(money) or products, used to create different merchandise. Capital can additionally be part among capital obligation and capital value/account. Value capital or financing, is cash brought by a business up in return for a portion of possession. Proprietorship is accomplished through portions of stock. Obligation capital is spoken to by reserves acquired by a business that must be reimbursed over some undefined time frame, ordinarily with intrigue. Regularly, transient obligation is of less concern supposing that investors sell out, the estimation of the stock falls and the investor is harmed. The organization isn’t fundamentally hurt presently, yet will make some troublesome memories raising assets through future stock issues. Obligation is of more concern. On the off chanc e that momentary obligation isn’t restored, than the organization needs to exchange resources so as to pay. In this way, capital portability is the free progression of fluid ventures starting with one nation then onto the next. Presently albeit capital versatility could back the world’s creating nations, increment compensation, and make a progressively serious world market (which is exceptionally advantageous to customers); there are negative influences including salary disparity, debasement, and awful capital control the executives . This paper will handle both the great and awful parts of capital streams so as to additionally investigate the hypothesis of capital portability. Before proceeding with it is important to take a gander at a portion of the foundation and motivation behind capital streams. Just until around 1980, have creating nations considered this to be as positive. Previously, there was the inclination that with remote capital a... ...s ought to completely approach with alert, since capital streams are too precarious to even think about gambling with. Assets - Class Lecture Notes: â€Å"Trade and Capital Flows† - Class Handout: â€Å"Trade and Employment† - Hartwell, A. Christopher. Strategy Analysis: The Case Against Capital Controls. The CATO Institute. Washington D.C. June 14, 2001. - http://econ.cudenver.edu/beckman/econ4410/stiglitz-world%20crisis.doc - http://quote.bloomberg.com/applications/news pid=10000039&sid=aFNcMq9i7rx0&refer= columnist_derosa - http://www.bepress.com/ev/vol1/iss1/art1/ - http://0-firstsearch.oclc.org.skyline.cudenver.edu/WebZ/FSFETCH?fetchtype=full record:sessionid=sp07sw02-58421-e0iyjwrgp5q5z:entitypagenum=3:0:recno=1 :resultset=1:format=FI:next=html/record.html:bad=error/badfetch.html:entitytop recno=1:entitycurrecno=1:numrecs=1

Management And Treatment And Psychosocial Aspects Of Pneumonia Biology Essay

The board And Treatment And Psychosocial Aspects Of Pneumonia Biology Essay This paper will investigate the pathophysiology, the board and treatment, and psychosocial parts of pneumonia in a grown-up persistent. Data has been gotten by the methods for history taking, assessment, and breaking down the patients clinical records to shape a contextual investigation in which the areas referenced will be considered according to the contextual investigation. Segment A Case History VD is a multi year old female who was conceded into the intense clinical unit (AMU) on 29/1/11 after grumblings of for the most part feeling unwell and chest torment. She had a background marked by feeling unwell since 25/1/11 combined with chest torment. This torment was a sharp torment under her correct bosom which was irregular and emanated around her chest to her back. The torment was more terrible on motivation or when hacking, and was mitigated by over-the-counter absense of pain. She additionally felt sweat-soaked, pyrexic (39.7 Â °C), had rigors and throbs over her body, anyway she was not shy of breath. She likewise had side effects of a non beneficial dry hack, poor craving and retching once in AMU (watery and lackluster). She recently had no scenes of queasiness and retching, no palpitations or cerebral pains, no urinary manifestations and typical solid discharges. She has not had any ongoing contact with any individual who had comparative manifestations. In her past clinical history she was determined to have Sjã ¶grens condition and fundamental sclerosis a year ago; both foundational immune system infections. She was on two courses of anti-microbials a year ago for related pleuritic chest torment. Her family ancestry comprised of her dad having ischaemic coronary illness (IHD) and her mom passing on from lung disease, despite the fact that she was an overwhelming smoker. She at present lives with her significant other at home and her occupation is as a shop associate; this demonstrates the disease she has is well on the way to be network obtained. She has been a deep rooted non-smoker and she doesn't drink liquor. She was on no standard medicine before being conceded, however is presently on 1000mg of paracetamol four times each day (QDS) and 500mg of amoxicillin three times each day (TDS). She has no sensitivities. On assessment in a respiratory ward, VD was apyrexial with a pulse perusing of 95/65, a pulse of 95 beats for each moment and a respiratory pace of 18 breaths for each moment. Oxygen immersions (SATS) were 96% in air and she was talking in full sentences, while looking commonly agreeable very still. Her hands appeared to be dry and flaky on investigation yet there were no anomalies all over. On palpation of her chest, there was equivalent chest extension and no tracheal deviation. There were likewise no extension of cervical or supraclavicular hubs. On percussion, there were dull sounds that could be heard on both right and left lung bases. On ausculatation, coarse pops could likewise be heard justified and left lung bases. There were no strange heart sounds heard and her fine top off time (CRT) was under 3 seconds. Her mid-region was delicate and non delicate, and ordinary entrail sounds were heard. There was ordinary tone, power and reflexes in each of the 4 appendages and her Glas gow Coma Scale (GCS) score was 15/15. Her blood vessel blood gas esteems were as per the following: pH 7.43, pCO2 5.49, pO2 10.1, HCO3-26.8, basal abundance of 2.8 and glucose of 5.6; these qualities demonstrated that she was not in respiratory disappointment. She was likewise found to have a raised C receptive protein (CRP) of 210, with a high neutophil tally of 10.1. Her chest x-beam film uncovered union in her correct lung base and no pneumothorax. The impression from the x-beam was that it was correct lower lobar pneumonia (Figure 1 is a case of what VDs x-beam would have resembled). 1 No blood societies were recorded in her notes as it was expected that due to the neutrophilia the probable source was bacterial. In the wake of being at first treated with intravenous (IV) anti-toxins in emergency clinic, her indications were mitigated, no pops could be heard and her chest was clearing up on 1/2/11. She was then released toward the evening on 2/2/11 given the guidelines to proceed with her course of oral amoxicillin. Area B Pathophysiology Presentation Pneumonia can be depicted as an aggravation to the lungs distal aviation routes, especially the alveoli, typically with a bacterial contamination being the root. 2 3 It clinically presents as an intense ailment which can incorporate fever, hack and purulent sputum, despite the fact that the last was absent in VD. Pneumonias can be grouped by the site of the solidification (anatomically), or by the etiology of the sickness (see Table 1). 2 3 VD was suspected to have lobar pneumonia in the wake of taking a gander at her chest x-beam. Most of lobar pneumonias are because of Streptococcus pneumonia and can influence an enormous part, or an entire flap of the lung. 3 Lobar Pneumonia There are four phases to the pathology of lobar pneumonia, which is a great case of intense irritation; these are: clog, red hepatisation, dark hepatisation and goals. 3 Congestion is the principal stage and goes on for around 24 hours. This is spoken to by protein-rich exudates spilling into the alveolar spaces and furthermore causing venous clog subsequently making the lung become oedematous, heavier and redder in shading. 3 The following stage is red hepatisation which has a term of a couple of days. Huge quantities of polymorphs (neutrophils and basophils) amass in the alveolar spaces alongside certain lymphocytes and macrophages. 3 Many erythrocytes are extravasated from the expanded vessels into the lung tissue, alongside the overlying pleura being secured with fibrinous exudates. 3 The lung is presently strong and airless, taking after a new liver. Figure 1 backings the last articulation by demonstrating a strong combination in the correct lower projection. At the point when t he lung gets dim and strong, this is dim hepatisation. This likewise keeps going a couple of days and speaks to encourage amassing of fibrin combined with the pulverization of leukocytes and erythrocytes. 3 The last stage is goals, whereby the lung returns to its ordinary condition. 4 This occurs at around 8-10 days in cases which are untreated and is the point at which the cells and fibrin in the alveoli experience greasy degeneration. 3 4 This makes the exudates be changed over into an emulsion, delivering a yellow discharge like appearance. 4 The exudates are presently in a condition where they can be reabsorbed, while protecting the fundamental alveolar divider structure. 3 4 The lungs would be gentler yet stay strong, and this would be affirmed on a x-beam by solidification of the lungs. Co-morbidities VDs history likewise referenced having a foundation history of Sjã ¶grens condition and fundamental sclerosis; both foundational immune system maladies. Sjã ¶grens disorder is a fiery ailment that overwhelmingly influences the exocrine organs with a relationship to HLA-B8/DR3, which ordinarily causes dryness in the eyes and mouth. 2 5 However it can likewise cause extra glandular issues, for example, Raynauds wonder, joint pain and lung aggravation, causing corruption of the covering of the bronchioles and alveoli therefore causing lung diseases. 2 5 6 Foundational sclerosis, otherwise called fundamental scleroderma, is a multi-framework immune system sickness in which the reason is obscure. 2 It for the most part causes snugness and solidifying of the skin, (for example, VDs hands) however different frameworks can likewise be influenced, for example, the lungs. 2 There is some pulverization to the lungs in patients with scleroderma which can prompt right cardiovascular breakdown because of pneumonic hypertension. 7 Other inconveniences that include the lungs incorporate aspiratory discharge, pneumothorax and pneumonia. 7 Outline VD had come in with an intense contamination and was determined to have pneumonia. Her correct lower projection was united implying that she has had it for a couple of days as protein exudates have spilled into the alveolar spaces and getting fibrinous, appearing as strong on the chest x-beam, with her CRP (a marker of aggravation) additionally being raised. VDs clinical history a year ago expressed that she had experienced two past chest contaminations that necessary anti-microbials for her to recuperate. This might be because of the immune system sicknesses previously mentioned that she had as of late been determined to have, making her be increasingly inclined to contracting diseases, particularly in her respiratory tract. She is right now not on immunosuppressant drugs, however if she somehow happened to be for her immune system conditions it would then be adverse to her insusceptible framework. This would leave her despite everything being inclined to securing contaminations, le aving her in a significant scrape. Segment C Treatment and Management VD was on 1000mg of oral paracetamol QDS and 500mg of oral amoxicillin three TDS when she was moved to the respiratory ward. The principle activities of these medications were to improve her hot indications and torment while likewise endeavoring to clear up her disease. Paracetamol Paracetamol (otherwise called acetaminophen in the USA) is one of the most broadly utilized non-opiate, pain relieving and antipyretic over-the-counter medications on the planet. 8-11 It has properties looking like those of nonsteroidal mitigating drugs (NSAIDs, for example, its pain relieving and antipyrexic activities, which can be followed back to the restraint of the focal sensory systems prostaglandin (PG) union. 8 9 It likewise shares some mitigating properties, anyway it doesn't deliver the platelet or gastric reactions that different NSAIDs do, along these lines causing contention regarding whether it ought to try and be named a NSAID by any means. 8 It is regularly given orally and is processed in the liver, with a half existence of roughly 2-4 hours, thus why VD was given it QDS to maintain a strategic distance from harmful portions. System of Action It is viewed as that the fundamental instrument of paracetamol is the hindrance of the catalyst cyclooxygenase (COX), COX-2 specifically as studies have indicated that it is profoundly particular towards it. Because of its high selectivity towards COX-2, its hindrance towards star thickening thromboxanes is limit

Strategies for Monetizing Your Blog with Google AdSense

Strategies for Monetizing Your Blog with Google AdSense In this article, we will explore different strategies for monetizing a blog site using Google AdSense. We will start with 1) what is Google AdSense, going then to describe 2) why using Google AdSense is a good idea, 3) requirements for using Google AdSense, and 4) monetizing strategies with Google AdSense.WHAT IS GOOGLE ADSENSE?AdSense is the powerhouse moneymaker program by Google, which provides everyone with a win-win situation. Through this program, companies can promote their ads to their   at a comparatively cheaper cost while website or blog owners can make money displaying those ads. In this advertising cycle, everyone makes money and companies get a chance to bring their businesses right in front of their target audience.Criteria for AdSenseThere are different criteria that Google uses to send ads to a particular website or blog through AdSense:Contextual targeting: In this kind of targeting, AdSense crawlers analyze the kind of content that is present on your website or blo g by scanning your page and decide which ads suit your website or blog the most. This is conducted by analyzing the structure of the website/blog, font size, word frequency, and keyword usage.Placement targeting: In this kind of targeting, companies or advertisers choose specific subsections for ad placement and, therefore, their ads only appear on the publisher’s website if the company’s criteria match with the website.Interest-based advertising: The interests of users play a major role in this kind of advertising. Companies analyze if users have already come to their website previously and make a decision accordingly. Ads Preferences Manager enables users to define their interests, which makes it easier for advertisers to maintain focus on their ad campaigns. This is an excellent method for website monetizing as it enables users to have a relevant experience while providing great value for advertisers.WHY USING GOOGLE ADSENSE IS A GOOD IDEAThere are many many advantages for bl oggers to make use of Google AdSense. From the ease of use to making money through writing content, AdSense provides great opportunities to bloggers.Attracting International TrafficNumerous blog owners find it difficult to spot advertisers that cater to Non-US target groups and hence they cannot even participate in the advertising network if their blogs attract users from outside North America. However, this does not apply to AdSense. The whole world knows what Google is about and, therefore, this program has advertisers from all over the globe. Therefore, it does not matter which location your blog is focused on; you will find advertisers who will be willing to post their ads on your blog.Easy to use and quick access to advertisersBloggers do not have to be tech-savvy in order to understand AdSense and keep it running on their blogs. Anyone can set it up and begin displaying ads in just a few minutes. Google has now made the ad units more seamless than ever before, and that is why numerous ad networks are following the footsteps of AdSense. Moreover, it is not easy for bloggers to directly approach, talk, pitch and then negotiate with independent advertisers in order to make money.Bloggers are just interested in writing great content for their readers while making money on-the-go without much hassle and trouble. All bloggers have to do is to add the code to their blogs and then let it be. Obviously, you will increase your chances of money making if you pay attention to the ad positioning and testing different designs.Vast variety of topicsApart from having advertisers that cater to almost every geographic location in the world, AdSense also has a huge base of companies that deal with all sorts of topics. Therefore, even if you are dealing with highly targeted niche and complex topics, AdSense will still be able to find advertisers for your blog.Unspecified Traffic LevelRecent bloggers who do not have much traffic also struggle to find advertisers. AdSense doe s not have a specified or minimum traffic level that you need to have in order to be accepted by the program. Even if you have a few readers, you can start making a little money as you grow your readership with time.Use Other Ad NetworksAre you thinking about running different ads from different ad networks alongside AdSense? Do not worry! Google has become very flexible in this regard over time and provides bloggers with complete freedom of action.Ad FormatsYou can easily customize your ads through selecting different ad unit sizes and can also opt for displaying different ad formats such as Ad link units, Video Ads, Image Ads besides the usual Text ads. Other ad networks only allow a maximum of two ad formats while AdSense has no limitation.Timely PaymentGoogle is highly credible in everything it does and, therefore, has a good reputation with the advertisers as well. This means a blogger can have peace of mind when it comes to receiving payments through AdSense.Performance toolsG oogle provides personalized and detailed reports to bloggers that help them understand the performance of a particular ad and identify how growth can be achieved.Additional featuresBloggers have a lot of freedom of action when it comes to AdSense; they can select ads that are compatible with both desktop and mobile devices. Similarly, they can select ads that directly cater to their readers and are designed for a particular target group.REQUIREMENTS FOR USING GOOGLE ADSENSEIn order to be successful in using AdSense for your blog you need to work on the following points:High Traffic WebsiteThe more traffic you will have, the more money you will make. AdSense is probably the easiest and quickest way for bloggers to make sure that they make money from writing or publishing high-quality content. However, no one can provide you with an exact figure of how much money would you be able to make through this program as your total earnings will depend on your CTR (click through rate) and EPC (earnings per click). Hence, every blogger should strive to have a highly targeted audience.Website Functionality and ContentIt does not matter whether you post videos, pictures or text, if your content is amazing, AdSense will love you. However, you will have to keep the AdSense content policies in mind in order to make money through it. Optimization is the key especially if you are dealing with too much video and image content, helping the crawlers identify the type of content that is present on your blog or website. That is why AdSense works the best with blogs and websites that have great text content such as success stories, how-to tutorials, and case studies.Also, your blog or website needs to be highly functional, user-friendly, and high quality as Google will not want its clients’ ads to show up on a blog or website that is poorly designed. In the past few years, Google has made its policies quite staunch in this regard.There are numerous blogs that fall under the category of MFA (made for AdSense). These blogs are only created so that they could earn revenue through this program by posting low quality and mediocre content. Such black hat tactics no longer work with Google, and all bloggers and website owners have to make sure that they have a defined purpose of their platforms, which goes beyond gaining online clicks for money. If you are passionate about a particular field and are willing to work hard, you will not only make great money through AdSense but will also create a genuine name for yourself in the industry which can further help you monetize your blog.Keyword targetingWhether you are working with AdSense or any other ad platform, targeting the correct keywords is the first step, which will decide how much money you will make. Advertisers bid on specific keywords and the more you use those keywords, higher the chances you will have to increase your income. Blog or website owners should focus using keywords that companies use to promote the ir products or services or opt for keywords with a high conversion rate.Take the example of two website that deal in cancer prevention and both of the websites have the equal amount of traffic and are making money through AdSense. The first website targets keywords such as, “anti-cancer home remedies”, “how to fight against cancer” and cancer prevention tips.” The second website is optimized for keywords such as, “health tips”, “why drinking milk is important” and “important multivitamins”.While both of the websites have similar traffic, the first one will make more money as advertisers will be interested in keywords that are directly relevant to treating or preventing cancer. Users are also more likely to click on the links that provide relevant information rather than general topics.Therefore, bloggers should strive for organic traffic as it has a high conversion rate and is more relevant for the advertisers.AdSense ComplianceAdSense is highly important for G oogle as it makes one-third of its revenue through this program. Anyone can easily sign-up for the AdSense account, but you have to make sure that you comply with its policies to avoid losing your account. Do not try to trick the search engines and make sure that you read and understand the policies thoroughly before signing up for an account.MONETIZING STRATEGIES WITH GOOGLE ADSENSEGetting an AdSense account is as simple as signing up for it. However, there are numerous strategies that can be used by bloggers or website owners to earn higher revenue through this program.Basic tipsHere are some basic tips to get you started with AdSense money making:Use Common Ad SizesAdvertisers have the opportunity of choosing from numerous ad units although there are some basic ad sizes that are more common. Bloggers and website owners should use these standard measurements to make sure that their platform gets selected from a vast pool of advertisers. These common sizes are 160×600, 728×90, an d 300×250.Incorporate Link UnitsNumerous advertisers these days opt for link units and hence website owners should pay close attention to them.Allow Image and Text AdsYou can either restrict AdSense ad unit to display only image ads or to allow both image and text ads to appear. Allowing both of these options will make sure that you get a great pool of ads for your blog or website thus increasing your revenue.Keep an eye on the dashboardGo to the “scorecard” under the ‘AdSense Partners’ menu to know the revenue optimization score. It will let you know your score, and you can make modifications or conduct testing if you think that your score is not high enough.Do not overdo itAt times, greed takes over bloggers and website owners leading them to make decisions that might do wrong to the overall user experience of the website. While this can potentially earn you a few extra bucks in the beginning, it will not be fruitful in the long-term. Therefore, keep the ads at the optima l to make sure that your website or blog is not all about ads or revenue generation.Ad PositioningATF â€" Above The Fold ad units are the most revenue-friendly. Try to place your ads strategically on the top of the page in order to get the maximum clicks.Keep an eye on the Fill RateMake sure that your website or blog is not going to waste through displaying blank space instead of ads. Position your ads appropriately and keep an eye on the fill rate to make sure that you earn the maximum through AdSense.Experiment IdeasYou can only ensure that your ads are getting the exposure they deserve through conducting experiments and testing. Always remember that you can tweak some design esthetics of the same ad to make it more appealing.Play around with colors and sizesYou can increase the size of your ads and edit their colors to make sure that they get the maximum eyeballs. If you think that an ad contains information that deserves a large space, increase its size to 970×90 from the previ ous 728×90. This is significant in increasing the conversion rates and helps bloggers and website owners to run convincing ads with efficient calls to actions.Moreover, you can also play around with the colors of the ad unit. While this may sound very simple, it can sometimes take hours for testing and previewing. Make sure that your text, background and border color do not overlap each other, and the ad is perfectly visible and readable even after changing the default colors. Similarly, you can also edit the link unit color to go from the basic blue to something extra for higher visibility. However, keep it subtle and do not opt for colors such as purple or hot pink for link units.Ad PositioningWebsite or Blog layout will eventually decide which ad position would be the best. However, placing ads in or near the comment section can increase engagement. If you have a weblog or blog with active participants, then this kind of placement will be a good idea for you. Moreover, putting l inks under the navigation bars is a common ad placement option that bags huge returns. You can also place ads strategically within your content for higher user engagement.Conduct A/B testingA/B testing is super important because it tells you the impact your ad is having on your users. Therefore, you have the ability to change the impact through experimenting with different designs, layouts, font size, colors, etc. Google Experiments is a great way to make more money with AdSense. It is very user-friendly, and it will just take you 30 minutes to fully familiarize yourself with it. Make sure that you have an experiment or testing going on at all times to stay on top of your earnings.Conduct better A/B testingIf you are using other ad types or platforms apart from AdSense, make sure that you shut all of them while conducting Google Experiments, as it will be able to provide you with better and focused results. This will help you in analyzing if you are wasting your blog or website spac e through displaying low earning ads so that you can move forward and make the decision of removing them.Technical tipsBeyond all the basic monetizing strategies and design principles, the loading speed of a website and its overall functionality play a vital role in making money through AdSense.Optimize your Desktop Mobile trafficOptimizing the desktop traffic is the first step to earning via AdSense. However, for some blog or website owners, their mobile traffic might be a lot more than their desktop traffic. Therefore, make sure that you optimize keeping both mobile and desktop traffic in mind for the best gains.Optimize your Website SpeedA user-friendly website is extremely important to earn more via AdSense as Google does not want its partners’ ads to show up on websites that are a loading disaster. Make sure that ads load quickly, and the overall speed of your website is nicely optimized for higher functionality.Asynchronous Ad CodesThrough using Asynchronous Ad Codes, you c an make sure that your basic website content will load separately from the ads you are displaying. This enhances the click rates and user experience and will foster better website loading.Incorporate Responsive AdSense CodesIf you want to optimize your website or blog to different screen sizes, you can utilize the Responsive AdSense Code. This will automatically chance the size of ad units placed on your website or blog according to the user’s screen.Mobile Anchor AdsThrough Google’s Mobile Anchor Ad, you can display ads on a mobile screen which will continuously stick to the screen’s bottom as the user scrolls down.AdSense ReportingAdSense Reporting provides users with flexible and detailed interface carrying important information that is required to make necessary changes for better optimization.

What Are Bipolar Disorder - 1240 Words

The apparent increase in the number of children in today’s society that are diagnosed with mental illness, especially that of bipolar disorder, does not seem to come as much of a surprise to anyone. Yet, why is this? Is the recent over-diagnosis due in part to fault within the definition of what pediatric bipolar disorder actually is? Many believe this to be the case; while others support the notion that bipolar disorder is not over diagnosed and the recent prevalence of the disorder is the result of increased awareness on the part of health professionals along with an increase in the number of children who are more readily succumbing to such a disorder. To admit to an over diagnosis should not be seen as a denial of the disease itself, but rather, the different clinical presentations of the disorder should be seen as an inconsistency among practitioners. This discrepancy results in the acknowledgment of more cases than actually exists; an admission of this over-diagnosis woul d be seen merely as a flaw within the ability of practitioners to reach a consensus. Such a flaw manifests itself in the over diagnosis of the disorder, which is something that, for the sake of the client as well as the field as a whole, should not be overlooked. It is common for people to fear that of which they do not know; unfortunately, problems arise when this universal lack of knowledge manifests itself in the uncertainty surrounding children who need appropriate direction. Bipolar disorder canShow MoreRelatedWhat Is Bipolar Disorder?.1101 Words   |  5 PagesWhat is Bipolar disorder? Bipolar disorder, formerly known as manic-depression, is a mental disorder. This condition primarily affects your mood and can cause extreme mood swings from elation to depression. 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In this book the author discusses her own dealings with Bipolar Disorder. She goes on to say howRead MoreDo People Living With Bipolar Disorder Need Medication?1154 Words   |  5 Pagesliving with bipolar disorder need medication People living with bipolar disorder need medication to help them function at their full potential. Some people feel that people living with bipolar disorder do not need to be medicated to live a healthy fulfilling life. However to say this first a person must know what bipolar disorder is and how a person is affected by the disorder. According to Rachal Pollock PHD bipolar is described as a common recurrent, often lifelong major psychiatric disorder characterized

Rhetorical Analysis Of Unicef s Campaign For Children

UNICEF created a campaign for children that need a family; hence, the title, Every Child Needs a Family due to the increasing number of children without families. These children lack a caring and loving family; therefore, in order to decrease the number of children without a family, UNICEF brilliantly put together the advertisement that touches the heart of those who look at it. The image seems to be taken at a storefront with a male and a female mannequin. Perhaps, since the mannequins look like the ideal parents, the child decides to hold the mannequins hands. The construction of this advertisement incorporated the use of rhetorical strategies such as a contemporary style environment, in order to enhance the rhetorical situation. The rhetorical situation then creates a more effective approach due to the display of affection that tries to inform its audience about the increase of children that needs a family and people should make a difference by helping out in any way. The rhetori cal strategies incorporated into the advertisement played an enormous role in its effectiveness. The author, UNICEF, has a large influence due to its global recognition as an organization that works for children in over 190 countries. For this particular audience, UNICEF is targeting adults, which leads to the purpose. UNICEF targets adults so that the adults will be more likely to adopt a child in need. The phrase that the advertisement stated is, â€Å"Every child needs a family†; therefore, theShow MoreRelatedImportance of Corporate Social Responsibility2089 Words   |  8 Pagesconglomerates in the world and enjoys presence across the globe. This paper aims at carrying out a critical analysis of the social activities that Proctor Gamble is carrying out under the banner of its campaign, Live, Learn and Thrive. Introduction As a large conglomerate, and understanding the need to become responsive towards social needs, Proctor Gamble launched a massive campaign called Live, Learn and Thrive as parts of its corporate social responsibility. While the company has launchedRead MoreOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 Pagesmanaging, organizing and reflecting on both formal and informal structures, and in this respect you will find this book timely, interesting and valuable. Peter Holdt Christensen, Associate Professor, Copenhagen Business School, Denmark McAuley et al.’s book is thought-provoking, witty and highly relevant for understanding contemporary organizational dilemmas. The book engages in an imaginative way with a wealth of organizational concepts and theories as well as provides insightful examples from the

Cheerios commercial Free Essays

This commercial was different than any other cheerios commercial because it involved an interracial couple and their mixed daughter. In the video, you see the little girl and her mother sitting at the table. The girl starts off by saying â€Å"mom, dad said cheerios were good for your heart is that true? † The mother replies, â€Å"Cheerios has healthy grains and it helps with cholesterol so that’s heart healthy. We will write a custom essay sample on Cheerios commercial or any similar topic only for you Order Now † The little girl smirks and walks away. The next scene you see the dad sleeping on the ouch with a whole bunch of cheerios on top of his heart. This video received a lot of backlash on Youth about this interracial couple. One stereotypical thing that was portrayed was the fact that people refer to African Americans as having a lot of heart problems because of what they eat. The little girl obviously understood that and wanted her dad to be healthier by placing the cheerios on his heart. This of course was frowned upon because not all African Americans have heart problems. Cheerios ended up banning the commercial and they then recreated a new one with the same family. The second commercial involved the dad telling the daughter that her mother was pregnant by using cheerios and in the end she says she would like a dog if she’s getting a new baby brother. I feel as though the racial issues African Americans have gone through in the past still do somewhat exist. There are constantly so many stereotypes being made about African Americans. People are ignorant and they are so quick to Judge someone’s culture without actually knowing anything about it. I myself am married to an African American man and our children are also mixed but he does not have heart problems nor does anybody in his family. Most categorize people by color and culture but that does not mean that we are all the same. Though slavery was overruled in 1865 and segregation ended in 1964, there are still people out there who believe in it. When people saw this commercial of the interracial couple, the people who don’t necessarily like or believe in interracial couples also had some things to say about the video. Some of them said they would no longer eat cheerios because of knowing an interracial couple does or was even in the commercial. How to cite Cheerios commercial, Papers

What is Chlamydia an Example of the Topic All Posts by

What is Chlamydia? With over three million cases in the United States and ten million worldwide added each year, chlamydia has become the most prevalent and commonly contracted sexually transmitted disease (STD). Like the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS), it is spread through sexual contact vaginal, oral, and anal intercourse with an infected partner. A bacterium called Chlamydia trachomatis that lives in an infected womans vaginal secretions or in an infected mans semen causes the infection. Higher infection rates are found in sexually active teenagers especially females (Balch, 2006, p. 320). Need essay sample on "What is Chlamydia?" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed Chlamydia is known as a silent yet dangerous disease. Statistics shows that as many as 50 percent of the men and 75 percent of the women who have chlamydia are symptoms free. If the infection is severe enough, women may experience genital inflammation, vaginal or urethral discharge, difficulty in urinating and a burning sensation during urination, painful intercourse, and itching around the inflamed area. In males, signs of infection are visible with prostatitis (symptoms include pain when urinating and a watery mucous discharge from the penis), inflammation of the seminal vesicles, and pain and swelling in the testicles (Balch, 2006, p. 321). When symptoms of chlamydia are detected, it is very important to seek urgent treatment. For women, untreated infection may lead to sterility. To make sure that the disease is not transmitted back and forth, both partners must be medicated. Antibiotics can also easily cure chlamydia-infected people. Natural therapies, like water fast or fasting using fruit and vegetable juices, were also proven to be of help in reducing the dangers of complications of this sexually transmitted disease (Goldberg, Trivieri & Anderson, 2002, p. 906). However, the most helpful way to prevent and treat the spread of the bacteria is to refrain from multiple sexual relationship. Reference: Balch, P. A. (2006). Prescription for Nutritional Healing. New York: Penguin Group. Breguet, A. (2007). Chlamydia. New York: The Rosen Publishing Group, Inc. Carlson, K. J., Eisenstat, S. A. s Health. Massachusetts: President and Fellows of Harvard College. Crooks, R. & Baur, K. (2008). Our Sexuality. California: Thomson Wadsworth. Goldberg, B., Trivieri, L. & Anderson, J. W. (2002). Alternative Medicine: The Definitive Guide. California: AlternativeMedicine.com.

Unit 1 Dbq Essay Example

Unit 1 Dbq Essay Example Unit 1 Dbq Essay Unit 1 Dbq Essay They sailed over from England, all seeking glorified opportunities. These English colonists sought out an opportunity when boarding ships and leaving the Old World to travel to the exciting unknown; but each person had their own unique desire. These unique desires led to the many diverse societies that spread all throughout the eastern sea board of the New World by the 1700’s. Religious tolerance, organization in government, and economic stability were all contributing factors to the differences New England and Chesapeake Bay regions had. In Documents B and C, there are two lists of emigrants. Document B’s list is of emigrants traveling to New England and Document C’s list is of emigrants traveling to Virginia. These lists give names, ages, gender, some of their occupations, and the dates the emigrants arrived to their destination. These lists indicate that two distinct societies formed through the differences these people had when embarking to the New World. The list withheld in Document B shows that equally men and women traveled to the New England area than in Document C’s list; also more families, and one minister. In Document C there was a plethora of men compared to women. These people who traveled to Virginia all agreed to live by the Church of England and took oaths to keep its supremacy, this shows that based on the people traveling to Virginia were more religious than the colonists traveling to New England, they respected the Church of England and planned to turn Virginia into a small colony to practice religion, as if they were in England. The differences in the New England area versus the Chesapeake area was religious tolerance and the lists in these documents show how fundamental Virginia colonists were compared to New England colonists. Documents G and H both talk about reasons for diversity in the Chesapeake Bay area. Document G was by Governor Berkeley who fought to defend Virginia against Dutch attacks. This document shows how Governor Berkeley’s council tried to defend their freedom and keep practicing methods their way. Similarly, in Document H, Bacon writes a passage against Governor Berkeley in 1676 to justify his actions for pursuing his rebellion. Bacon says how arts and sciences and other ways of life are sucked up by the public. This shows that the Chesapeake region had conflict, involving religion and ways people should carry out daily activities. Bacon and Governor Berkeley were both prominent people in shaping the Chesapeake area into the religious, politically unorganized, middle colony it evolved to be. With this, it brought its society into a different importance than did New England. Documents D and E both exemplify factors of the New England society. Document D is an agreement in Springfield, Massachusetts in 1636 that talks about how they would like society to be run, and how the people are. That everyone should have a share of the meadow or planting ground. † This quote shows that this agreement helped make New England an equal and free society. The people wanted everyone to live amongst one another in harmony and have convenient living standards. Document E explains how New England wanted to regulate pay. It seems just and well thought out. This impacted the New England colony to achieving a n organized government and a stable political system unlike the Chesapeake Bay area. In Document A, John Winthrop writes a passage about Christianity and charity. He was a fundamental Puritan in the New England area who preached Christianity and how God wanted people to act. His passage contributes to how New England civilization was. The society was endowed in all sects of Christianity and Winthrop’s passage in Document A gives evidence that he wanted the colony to remain Christian and hold the same values as he did. In conclusion, New England and Chesapeake Bay were both settled by a large population of English colonists. However, they differed from each other in many different ways. New England was more lenient about religion, wanted equality, and seemed to have a plan to begin governmental organization right from the get go. On the other hand the Chesapeake was a more fundamental Christianity, had an unstable political plan and had various issues in settling the territory. They both were unique and heterogeneous when it came to the running of society and how people functioned but that’s why so many English settlers came to the New World; to found their beliefs in a place where they would be accepted and free.

Exponential Functions - How to Find the Starting Value

Exponential Functions - How to Find the Starting Value Exponential functions tell the stories of explosive change. The two types of exponential functions are exponential growth and exponential decay. Four variables - percent change, time, the amount at the beginning of the time period, and the amount at the end of the time period - play roles in exponential functions. This article focuses on how to find the amount at the beginning of the time period, a. Exponential Growth Exponential growth: the change that occurs when an original amount is increased by a consistent rate over a period of time Exponential Growth in Real Life: Values of home pricesValues of investmentsIncreased membership of a popular social networking site Heres an exponential growth function: y a(1 b)x y: Final amount remaining over a period of timea: The original amountx: TimeThe growth factor is (1 b).The variable, b, is percent change in decimal form. Exponential Decay Exponential decay: the change that occurs when an original amount is reduced by a consistent rate over a period of time Exponential Decay in Real Life: Decline of Newspaper ReadershipDecline of strokes in the U.S.Number of people remaining in a hurricane-stricken city Heres an exponential decay function: y a(1-b)x y: Final amount remaining after the decay over a period of timea: The original amountx: TimeThe decay factor is (1-b).The variable, b, is percent decrease in decimal form. Purpose of Finding the Original Amount Six years from now, perhaps you want to pursue an undergraduate degree at Dream University. With a $120,000 price tag, Dream University evokes financial night terrors. After sleepless nights, you, Mom, and Dad meet with a financial planner. Your parents bloodshot eyes clear up when the planner reveals an investment with an 8% growth rate that can help your family reach the $120,000 target. Study hard. If you and your parents invest $75,620.36 today, then Dream University will become your reality. How to Solve for the Original Amount of an Exponential Function This function describes the exponential growth of the investment: 120,000 a(1 .08)6 120,000: Final amount remaining after 6 years.08: Yearly growth rate6: The number of years for the investment to growa: The initial amount that your family invested Hint: Thanks to the symmetric property of equality, 120,000 a(1 .08)6 is the same as a(1 .08)6 120,000. (Symmetric property of equality: If 10 5 15, then 15 10 5.) If you prefer to rewrite the equation with the constant, 120,000, on the right of the equation, then do so. a(1 .08)6 120,000 Granted, the equation doesnt look like a linear equation (6a $120,000), but its solvable. Stick with it! a(1 .08)6 120,000 Be careful: Do not solve this exponential equation by dividing 120,000 by 6. Its a tempting math no-no. 1. Use Order of Operations to simplify. a(1 .08)6 120,000 a(1.08)6 120,000 (Parenthesis) a(1.586874323) 120,000 (Exponent) 2. Solve by Dividing a(1.586874323) 120,000 a(1.586874323)/(1.586874323) 120,000/(1.586874323) 1a 75,620.35523 a 75,620.35523 The original amount, or the amount that your family should invest, is approximately $75,620.36. 3. Freeze -youre not done yet. Use order of operations to check your answer. 120,000 a(1 .08)6 120,000 75,620.35523(1 .08)6 120,000 75,620.35523(1.08)6 (Parenthesis) 120,000 75,620.35523(1.586874323) (Exponent) 120,000 120,000 (Multiplication) Practice Exercises: Answers and Explanations Here are examples of how to solve for the original amount, given the exponential function: 84 a(1.31)7Use Order of Operations to simplify.84 a(1.31)7 (Parenthesis) 84 a(6.620626219) (Exponent)Divide to solve.84/6.620626219 a(6.620626219)/6.62062621912.68762157 1a12.68762157 aUse Order of Operations to check your answer.84 12.68762157(1.31)7 (Parenthesis)84 12.68762157(6.620626219) (Exponent)84 84 (Multiplication)a(1 -.65)3 56Use Order of Operations to simplify.a(.35)3 56 (Parenthesis)a(.042875) 56 (Exponent)Divide to solve.a(.042875)/.042875 56/.042875a 1,306.122449Use Order of Operations to check your answer.a(1 -.65)3 561,306.122449(.35)3 56 (Parenthesis)1,306.122449(.042875) 56 (Exponent)56 56 (Multiply)a(1 .10)5 100,000Use Order of Operations to simplify.a(1.10)5 100,000 (Parenthesis)a(1.61051) 100,000 (Exponent)Divide to solve.a(1.61051)/1.61051 100,000/1.61051a 62,092.13231Use Order of Operations to check your answer.62,092.13231(1 .10)5 100,00062,092.13231(1.10)5 100,000 (Parenthesis)62,092.13231(1.61051) 100,000 (Exponent)100,000 100,00 0 (Multiply) 8,200 a(1.20)15Use Order of Operations to simplify.8,200 a(1.20)15 (Exponent)8,200 a(15.40702157)Divide to solve.8,200/15.40702157 a(15.40702157)/15.40702157532.2248665 1a532.2248665 aUse Order of Operations to check your answer.8,200 532.2248665(1.20)158,200 532.2248665(15.40702157) (Exponent)8,200 8200 (Well, 8,199.9999...Just a bit of a rounding error.) (Multiply.)a(1 -.33)2 1,000Use Order of Operations to simplify.a(.67)2 1,000 (Parenthesis)a(.4489) 1,000 (Exponent)Divide to solve.a(.4489)/.4489 1,000/.44891a 2,227.667632a 2,227.667632Use Order of Operations to check your answer.2,227.667632(1 -.33)2 1,0002,227.667632(.67)2 1,000 (Parenthesis)2,227.667632(.4489) 1,000 (Exponent)1,000 1,000 (Multiply)a(.25)4 750Use Order of Operations to simplify.a(.00390625) 750 (Exponent)Divide to solve.a(.00390625)/00390625 750/.003906251a 192,000a 192,000Use Order of Operations to check your answer.192,000(.25)4 750192,000(.00390625) 750750 750

Does a diasporic identity erase, alter, re-creat or negate this Essay

Does a diasporic identity erase, alter, re-creat or negate this obsession with chinea obvious in much of 20 century chinese literature - Essay Example Chinese authors have bared their souls through printed text that clearly displays divergent views about what it is about China that makes it citizens so resilient, yet willing to submit to a status quo element that maintains the continuity of the good and bad sides of Chinese society. C.T. Hsia has made strong assertions in the article, â€Å"Obsession with China: The Moral Burden of Modern Chinese Literature†. To truly understand Hsia’s views, it is essential that we carefully analyze key excerpts of the article. Note the following: â€Å"What distinguishes the â€Å"modern† phase of Chinese literature from the traditional phase is rather its burden of moral contemplation: its obsessive concern with China as a nation afflicted with a spiritual disease and therefore unable to strengthen itself or change its set ways of inhumanity.† Chinese citizens operating from a diasporic identity clearly feel it is their duty to articulate the horrors that occur in china concerning oppression of and human rights abuses against Chinese citizens. Theoretically, where traditional Chinese literature required and in many cases demanded compliance from Chinese authors in representing China as the government would have the world see it instead of how it was operating in reality, Chinese citizens in the diaspora are articulating chilling excerpts of life under oppressive regimes. Surprisingly, the proponents of traditional Chinese literature represented the lower social classes in many cases. Modern authors of Chinese literature are working feverishly to bring the lower classes to the realization that they must voice their displeasure about human rights abuses that affect them and if these atrocities do not affect them, the modern authors are sparing no expense to change that reality, as the lower class citizens will have to be en listed in any successful

The Project to Open a New Tesco Superstore Case Study

The Project to Open a New Tesco Superstore - Case Study Example In order to conduct stakeholder analysis for opening new Tesco superstore, the researcher will use Mendelow’s (1981) Matrix. For sake simplicity and preciseness, UK based operation of Tesco superstore will be used as reference point. UK based customers and local society members who will buy food items and grocery items from Tesco superstore. These stakeholders will show interest in the project because opening a new store will increase their convenience for shopping. Their motivation to support the project will be directed by the desire to shop quality food items, chance to get associated with the Tesco brand name etc. Project workers, Suppliers of raw material. These stakeholders will show interest in the project for monetary interest, opportunity to get financial benefit by signing the long-term contract with the company. Their motivation to support the project will be directed by business benefits, remuneration, and higher supply margin. Top-level managers, of Tesco superstore, project managers, and government. These stakeholders will show interest in the project due to political reason, earning corporate tax, monetary compensation for project completion and annual salary. Same reasons will motivate these stakeholders to show green signal to the project. Financial institutions who lend the money to the project, social activists, and local community members. The will show interest in the project for financial and environmental sustainability reasons. Motivation to support the project will be directed by environment sustainability assurance from Tesco, assurance timely repayment of debt with additional interest, good corporate social responsibility (CSR) reputation of the company. In such context, it is suggested to Tesco superstore to use multiple communication channels to communicate the project scope top stakeholders and also engage stakeholders (Jugdev, 2012).

The Influence of Mass Media

The Influence of Mass Media The importance of the media today is immense Mass media has become an industry in the world. From the T.V in the house, the newspaper on the doorstep, the radio on the car to the fliers in the mailbox and the internet. Because the media are so prevalent in industrialized countries, they have a powerful impact on how those populations view the world. Nearly all of the news in the United States comes from a major network or newspaper. It is only the most local and personal events that are experienced first-hand. Events in the larger community, the state, the country, and the rest of the world are experienced through the eyes of a journalist. Not only do the media report the news, they create the news by deciding what to report. The production of news often goes through several steps: informants and sources, press agents, reporters, news agencies, journalists, and editors. Many media are citing other media or opinion leaders so that the complete chain of information flow becomes quite long. Selection and distortion may take place at every link in this chain of information transmission. The top story of the day has to be picked from the millions of things that happened that particular day. After something is deemed newsworthy, there are decisions on how much time or space to give it, whom to interview, what pictures to use, and how to frame it. Often considered by editors, but seldom discussed, is how the biases and interests of management will impact these determinations. All of these decisions add up to the audiences view of the world, and those who influence the decisions influence the audience. The mass media have an important role in modern democratic society as the main channel of communication. The population relies on the news media as the main source of information and the basis on which they form their opinions and voting decisions. According to cultural selection theory, any selection of messages in the mass media will thus have a profound effect on the entire society. Competition has become increasingly keen in the area of the mass media as they keep fighting for the attention of the readers, listeners, and TV-viewers. The life and death of each newspaper and TV station is at stake here when the income from advertising and sponsoring is proportional to the number of readers or viewers. The printed media have problems competing with the electronic media as sources of news. In order to survive, they are increasingly turning to other strategies such as entertainment, titillation, scandal mongering, and spreading fear and spending fewer resources on serious researching of news. This is not only about the survival of the fittest of the news media, it is also about cultural selection and political selection. The news media are the most important channels for the propagation of culture, ideas, and opinions. Most opinion formation takes place when people sit and watch news and debates on television. Analyzing the cultural selection in the electronic info rmation society, we find that an important part of the selection lies in the choice between TV channels. Millions of lazy viewers sit in their comfortable arm-chairs with remote controls in their hands zapping between action films, revivalist preachers, and commercials for a new fragrance, hardly realizing that by choosing which cultural and political influences they expose themselves to, they also chose the cultural and political evolution of their country. It is very important to analyze which selection criteria are in effect here. The electronic media are first and foremost pacifying. It is a relaxation machine, and the viewer wants to be entertained. The faces on the screen are not chosen for their opinions but for their entertainment value. TV stations do not compete on ideologies but on sense impressions. An extreme example is music videos, satiated with fast changing sense impressions in sound as well as in pictures. The media, therefore, have enormous importance to conflict resolution because they are the primary and frequently only source of information regarding conflicts. If a situation doesnt make the news, it simply does not exist for most people. When peaceful options such as negotiation and other collaborative problem-solving techniques are not covered, or their successes are not reported, they become invisible and are not likely to be considered or even understood as possible options in the management of a conflict. In psychology, communication theory and sociology, media influence or media effects refers to the theories about the ways the mass media affect how their audiences think and behave. The shift of media and media industry over the past few years into new forms, such as DVD and the internet, changes the modalities available for audiences to consume and receive media. The change has caused some media theorists to call into question the influence that the media have over attitudes and beliefs. The consequences and ramifications of the mass media relate not merely to the way newsworthy events are perceived (and which are reported at all), but also to a multitude of cultural influences that operate through the media. The media has a strong social and cultural impact upon society. This is predicated upon its ability to reach a wide audience which often sends a strong and influential message. Marshall McLuhan uses the term à ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"the medium is the messageà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  as a means of explaining how the distribution of the message can often be more important that the message itself. It is through the persuasiveness of mediums such as television, radio and print media that reach the target audience. The internet has lifted some of the restrictions placed on society by allowing for diversification of political opinions, social and cultural differences and heightened level of consumer participation. There have been suggestions that allowing consumers to produce information through the internet will lead to a bombardment of too much information. It can however allow society a medium for expressing opinions and moving away from the political restrictions placed on society. Media can also influence the way people talk. Certain movies have quotes that can be embedded into the minds of the audience. However, these quotes can be either appropriate or non appropriate. Media scientists have often discussed how much influence the media have on peoples opinions. People tend to selectively read what they already agree with and to rationalize their preformed opinions in the face of contrary arguments. Experimental evidence seems to indicate that the mass media have little power to change peoples opinions on issues for which they already have formed a strong opinion, but they have a profound influence when it comes to setting the agenda and priming people on new issues. The way an issue is framed determines how it is discussed, which causes a social problem is blamed on, and which of the possible remedies are entered into the discussion. In conclusion, the media can be used to promote social growth and thinking skills. Therefore, the design is focused on human itself other than lots of unnecessary things for the society. The winner for that era will be the person who has flexible thinking power. Also, the designer must have a true character. Follow the path of virtue with right-minded should be their goal. In addition to, the designer should have to find their lifes passion, develop themselves-esteem, and create self- appreciations which lead to more positive self-esteem. With all that in mind the designer have a powerful persuasion.

Gender and body image – Looking at women and men through the life course

Throughout our lives we are governed by how we look and act according to society. One of the main leaders throughout history has been which sex a person belongs to. This governs our every aspect in life from a baby, through to adulthood. Opinion changes constantly to whether children should live a certain way and especially act certain ways at different ages and stages throughout life. We are socially constructed from the start of our lives, if a baby wears blue or pink determines societys view of how to treat the child and most importantly whether it is male of female. We are judged in our abilities and skills just by from which sex we belong to. It is one of the most influential factors in life, being male or female. I will be looking at the perceived differences between males and female body image and actions throughout the life cycle, from birth through to old age. One of the first things we notice about a person is which sex they belong to. Today due to changes in societies impressions and opinions on sex and sex orientation, it is generally possible to immediately determine the sex of a person that gives out first impressions and places stereotypes. Every culture distinguishes between male and females and this accompanied by beliefs and psychological and physical behaviours belonging to each sex. It is not a recent act to distinguish differences between the sexes. In pre-industrial Britain children were sent off to work at an early age between 6-7. They were kept apart and designated a job. At this age physicality's of gender differences would not be differentiated because of no puberty growth in the children causing no differences in physical ability and strength yet girls would be sent to become servants while boys would be trained to be apprentices. In the sixteenth century boys were increasingly sent to boarding school, while girls were mainly kept at home, any small amount of girls who were sent to boarding school were trained for domesticity. Their father or their masters controlled any girls in a family, like an ownership. The males possessed them. Any money that was made was not their own to keep but passed on to their masters or their family for their parents personal use or placed back into the family for food and supplies. Both boys and girls were used for their bodies yet in completely different ways. In the early nineteenth century working class children would be used in working class factories for cheap labour. Boys would follow the men with physical work while girls were sold for prostitution. Girls where not seen to have many uses apart from their bodies or domesticity uses. This treatment of girls continued through the years in society. Towards the First World War girls were not sold for such explicit reasons but used in different ways (Humphries 1977). Families became dependent on the wages of their siblings. With men called to war the children would work to help the families upkeep. Girls would be expected to help their mothers with domestic tasks and to take the role of second mother for their younger siblings. While boys and young men where used for their physical abilities. By the twentieth century psychologists identified that childhood was a vital part of a persons identity. Freud dedicated his life to the study of people and the affect of childhood on their adult lives. Children could be scared for life because of their childhoods. This could explain judgements of people on sex opinions later in lives because of their upbringings, which had forced the stereo types into society. Post war brought the decline of infant mortality and the decline in birth rate. Children where not therefore depended upon for their help with the families income. Adults began to see children as pleasurable company. Children soon became the main focus of life. The division of home from the workplace resulted in an isolation of women and children. The home in middle-class households represented a haven from the competition of the market place and from the public world. Men would stay in the workplace and women and children were kept ‘confined' and ‘protected' in the home. This soon broadens from the middle-class household to the working class home. This image of the western family soon became the model norm of the western societies, which influenced many people throughout their lives. Female and male children are segregated and classed as different, which has continued up to the present day. From birth they are given different clothes and toys and are subjected to socialisation. Children were even segregated at school, boys may have been sent to a different school than girls and be taught different curricula. Children now share schooling and have moved closer together in the curricula but in many other ways they are treated differently. Although today boys and girls may study the same curriculum, some subjects are still labelled as being male or female subjects. Increasing anxieties about sexual threat in contemporary society, because of sexual abuse cases, has become increasingly popular; causing boys and girls to be treated differently. Girls are surveyed and controlled more than boys of the same age. Girls and boys are sheltered differently. Girls are protected from the real dangers of society but also the ones, which are possibly fictional, or of an adult's exaggeration. Girls in particular are sheltered from the real adult world. The sexualisation of adults' contact with children means girls are seldom allowed to walk alone, or spend much time on their own. This treatment causes girls today to be segregated from society from the start of their lives. This influences the way they live their life and attitudes they have towards their influencing adult guides. When children are allowed out ‘to play', boys seem to be allowed out later than girls or more trust and leniency. Although childhood is seen as psychologically influencing on a persons' life adolescence is both psychologically and physically changing. Adolescence is a time for psychological adjustments to the physical changes in the child's body. For young girls and women it is normally related with developments of secondary sexual qualities such as breasts, and body hair. When we become adolescence's we gain legal responsibilities. At the age of 16 a young woman can give consent to sexual intercourse with a man. Before this age a young woman will in the eyes of the law be seen as irresponsible and unable to give responsible consent. Also at the age of 16 a young man and woman may get married however although legally responsible to have a sexual relationship and possibly bare children, the young adults must have parental permission. Their responsibilities are too high to be married from their own choice at this age. The legal view on heterosexual relationships seems a reasonably understandable law, compared to the opinions on homosexual relationships. Homosexual relationships between men are not legal unless both parties are 18, however same sex relationships between two women are legal at any age. It is evident from these figures that young men and women have a different statues in law reflecting different assumptions about masculinity and femininity. Young people become legally responsible for their actions from their age of 10. This makes youth today so much longer than it was many years ago. This extended period in the youth phase causes extensive protection from the parents. One explanation for this could be the increasing choice by children to stay in education for a longer period of time. The number of young people choosing to go into higher education increases because of more opportunities, larger choices in courses and the range of training schemes increases. It is apparent that young people especially women seem to be spending longer being trained and educated, and then having greater uncertain futures because finding full-time work is increasing remote. This is especially apparent for young people because they are most affected by unemployment. Young women have come through time from not being educated to spending more time in education than young men. Government reports have stated that young women do considerably better in school than young men due to a stronger ambition to be successful and ability to concentrate their efforts into studying. It is generally stated that adolescence is a period of stressful experience. However an anthropologist Margaret Mead challenged this. She studied adolescent women in eastern Samoa (1943) and found no evidence of role confusion, conflict or revolt. Suggesting that adolescence was not world-wide and biologically determined but ethnically variable, and that the stresses of this time could be socially determined, and because of confusing status to which, young people find themselves consigned by particular communal forms. It is a wide-ranging protest from adults to complain of adolescent deviant behaviour however this suggests that it is the western societal norms which push adolescents to be seen as irresponsible and problematic to society. Adolescence is a particular distressing time for young women. Trying to conform to societies views of how to behave and to trying to keep their reputation with friends and partners at the same time makes life very traumatic. The behaviour of teenage women is partly the result of being treated differently from boys through their life. As was stated earlier women are seen as more in need of care and protection. Parents ‘police' their daughters more strictly than their sons. This then is linked to the ideological definition of ‘appropriate behaviour of women'. Sue Lees (1986) has shown how boys control young women in the public eye through threat of labelling them sexually promiscuous. It is expected of young men to copulate but for a young women to continue with the same behaviour would result in such labels as ‘slag' or ‘slut' and ‘scrubber' or an ‘easy lay'. This labelling is less to do with the actual sexual action rather than to the extent to which young women's behaviour deviates from the normal ideas of femininity. For example a female should not be seen using foul language or rough behaviour as they could be classed as a ‘tom boy'. Sexuality is classed in very different ways. Both sexes are concerned with reputation; the basis on which it rests is very distinct. For boys sexual reputation is enhanced by varied experience boasting to their friends for all the girls they have ‘made', for a girl reputation is to be guarded. It is to be under threat not merely if she is known to have sex with anyone other than with her steady boyfriend but also if she goes out with several different boys, or dresses in a certain way. To remain a ‘nice' girl a young woman must suppress any sexual desire, and instead conform to the dream image of romantic love and complete monogamy. This double standard serves to constrain the public and private lives of young women to ensure conformity based on a model of sexuality, which ultimately takes its form from the ideology of the nuclear family. Feminist sociologists' arguments showed that post ideas that suggestions of femininity and masculinity classed as natural were actually of a social origin. Young people apparently learn roles. Mc Robbie and Garber stated that young women didn't ‘rebel in the same way which young men did but instead used the ideal romantic fantasy as a form of escapism. Sue Lees (1986), Christine Griffin (1985) and Clair Wallace (1987) have looked into the theory of the role that romantic love fantasies have in young women's lives. They are apparently not deceived by characters lives portrayed in women's literature, but actually have realistic ideas of married life. It was also believed that young women have tactics of resistance for example ‘tom boys' or pregnancy, which are not in the ‘nice' girl stereotype. They state that an important aspect in young girls lives is their status and independence inside and out of the family that could be achieved by them acquiring a job by themselves. Sharpe (1995) study contrast to an earlier study found that young women interviewed no longer saw marriage and parenthood as their only goal in life. These studies show a change in young women's views and opinions; however, it causes views of people to think young girls are rebelling against the norms of society because family life is not their first objective in life. The media is one of the most influential aspects to people's lives. It is used to inform, sell, advise, and help the readers and many other uses. Young women are important customers of media resources. There are magazines, which particularly target young women and influence their lives. The magazines give advise on romance, hygiene and behaviour according to societies rules at the time. 80% of magazines are articles about fashion and appearance pushing young women into a proposed look. They steer young women to see romance as standard and as an ultimate goal in life to have a ‘normal' steady monogamous relationship leading to marriage and all as typecasts with a male companion. According to these magazines the main interest of their teenage years is in getting a man'. The young women become immersed into the ideology of romance and of ‘falling in love'. Adulthood is associated with taking up full status in society, having sexual relationships, getting married, having children, having a full time stable job, and living in an independent household. When we become an adult we associate it with citizenship status -the right to vote, to take loans, or to enter legal contract we are given responsibility and trusted. This legal responsibility is associated with the turning of age to 18. There are many physical body aspects, which are also associated with adulthood. Such as first menstruation, and first sex. This today is more associated with the teenage years because of younger people having sex earlier and young girls developing into women earlier so the legal opinion of an adult may not be the same as a physical adult. The transition of adolescence to adulthood can be more meaningful for women than young men generally because young women marry earlier, have sex earlier and many other things earlier than men. It is often said than young girls mature earlier than young boys. It is a stressful time for women when the beginning of sexual activity occurs. It is a time of pride and manhood for males while traumatic and cautious for women. Not to be seen on the one side as ‘frigid' or a promiscuous ‘slag' on the other (Cowie and Lees 1985; Halson 1991). Marriage, childbirth and parenthood are also parts of adulthood that are given different meanings from men than women. This seems to be because although attitudes are changing in society today women in the main have the foremost responsibilities and usually end up interrupting their careers to care for children. Today it is increasingly popular for single parent families which again is mostly women taking the responsibilities, the majority of about 90% of single parent families are headed by women. Baring children is also seen as hindering a women's working career and leisure life. The process of pregnancy changes a women's body, and although both men and women's bodies change in the life course this can be seen as the biggest change a women can experience. Increased hormones and the gradual growth of the baby stretches and changes the women's normal body shape. This change, during pregnancy and after can affect a woman greatly because of opinions of what a woman should look like. It is looked upon badly if the bulge during pregnancy is on show when in the public eye. It is a nature event that is seen as part of a women's' meaning on earth. However, it cannot be looked upon, only in disgrace. Is it a disgusting view to see a woman pregnant? Or is it disgusting to see a woman out of shape, from societies view of what a woman should look like, as I suspect it could be. Women's careers are perceived as more intimately tied to their biology and reproductive cycles than are men's. Men's bodies are defined by their performance and action in the labour market and public life. Their reproductive functions and their bodies are seldom referred to and are seen as unproblematic. Women's body shape and reproductive functions are constantly studied and are sometimes referred to as determining their lives (Ussher 1989). In the media it is women's bodies that are used to sell their products. A car advert will usually at some point show a young stereotype of a woman draped over their product in order to sell it. It is unusual to see a man or even a larger woman used in the same way. Women's lives are constantly referred to by their menstruation. They are frequently seen as ‘victims' of ‘ragging hormones' either because of ‘pre-menstrual tension' or because of menopause. Each case supposedly causes women to ‘suffer' from temporary indisposition that can sometimes become ‘insanity'! This then could be the reason why it is used for reasons of moodiness, road accidents and even cases of murder. On account of these biological ‘problems' women's lives are intervened with medical attention and even seen as a kind of disease. Women can be recommended hormone replacements therapy and hysterectomies as a solution to menopausal problems and are given special diets or hormone treatment for pre-menstrual tension. Unlike male bodies women's are somewhat controlled by medical science from the moment of first problems with menstruation or with the need for birth control through to menopausal problems. Some women may never need medical assistance, but most do at some point in their lives. â€Å"Imagine what might have happened in a world with different cultural and moral attitudes towards gender and responsibilities for family planning and children. It is not beyond imagination that we would have ended up with a male contraceptive pill, a medical treatment for male menopause and a classification system of multiple sexes (Oudshoor 1994). One of the most traumatic times in a person's life is the process of ageing. No person wants to loose his or her looks, shape or mind. For men it is loosing their hair or gaining that ‘beer belly'. For women physical attractiveness is the most important feature and loosing this is a major source of anxiety. Women spend thousands of pounds on creams, potions, dieting, exercise and even plastic surgery. Men today are also increasingly purchasing these types of items but it is generally women that advertising is focused on (Arber and Ginn 1991). It has been questioned what is persona purpose in life? One of the proposed reasons is to reproduce, to keep the population. Men are seen to do this throughout their lives, so women who have therefore passed the menopause could be seen as having no use anymore for their reproductive functions and therefore are uninterested in sex. Doctors are more likely to recommend hysterectomies to women than men. In medical textbooks women's ovaries are described as ‘shrivelled' or ‘senile' metaphors, which, imply they are ‘useless', or ‘past it'. Women are classified by their biological position in and throughout their lives. Pre-menstrual' in their youth, ‘pre-menopausal' in their thirties, ‘menopausal' in their forties and ‘post-menopausal' in their fifties, its as though their reproductive organs control women's lives. Women who have children find themselves defined in terms of their roles as mothers and carers. On the other hand childless women are seen as frustrated mothers and somehow incomplete. It is as if a woman's ultimate goal is to bare children. A childless woman is classed as having psychological inadequacies or a lack of feminine qualities. Today many more women are pursuing careers rather than starting a family, this is seen as selfish whereas men are not exposed to such punishments. It is seen as acceptable for a man to never be a part of a family. Women's lives are seen as shaped by their biological bodies and the changes these bodies undergo. Men's lives by contrast are seen as shaped by their achievements. Throughout our lives we are governed by our sex and opinions made by society which label us according to our sex. These labels are started through opinions made from birth, which stay with us until death.

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American Dream Obstacles Essay - 1092 Words

Waynedel Hughes Ms. Mosley English III 105 19 October 2017 The American’s Accessibility to the Dream In America, the american dream is interpreted in millions of different ways. One American citizen dreams for millions while another hopes for contentment and a family in the future. Though its rarity is observed, every american is given an opportunity to achieve the american dream if they are devoted to doing so. The american dream is very much alive and could be awfully easy to attain. Saying that obstacles are not present when attempting to achieve the dream is absolutely inappropriate and it is obvious that different factors exist when striving to achieve any dream. These obstacles are so ill-defined that people tend to†¦show more content†¦The Hierarchy of Needs is a chart describing the levels in which a person lies in their current situation. If one is in a situation where they are unable to do things like feed themselves, that person is at the lowest level. Accomplishing all goals and having the freedom to do whatever one likes puts one on the top of this chart. This chart demonstrates that if an individual does everything that plays a large role in life, they are moving closer to achieving their dream. Dreams are always fueled by an individual’s determination, and to achieve the american dream one should simply be willing to and motivated to do so. In the US, oppo rtunities are so common that everyone who wants to achieve the dream has some sort of foundation. The american dream is a very diverse topic and people’s interpretations are typically distinct, but somewhere in the country lies an individual who shares similar background and dreams with one. It is not rare for people in America to motivate each other to be better with a particular thing, and networking with others is not the only form of creating a foundation for a dream. 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