The Dalai Lama: A Path to Greater Happiness Essay -- Happiness Essays

The Dalai Lama is a profound believer of peace, compassion, love and nonviolence. He is considered by Tibetan Buddhists to be the reincarnation of the Buddha of Compassion and was meant to lead the people. Even though he has had a tough time throughout most of his life time and has struggles to free his homeland from the Chinese occupation he has consistently opposed the use of violence. â€Å"He has instead advocated peaceful solutions based upon tolerance and mutual respect in order to preserve the historical and cultural heritage of his people.† (The Dalai Lama A Simple Path and An Open Heart pp. 800).Dalai Lama, since then, began teaching about the Four Noble Truths, in order to demonstrate that they offer an insightful path to greater happiness for individuals, and for humanity. The first noble truth is The Truth of Suffering. Dalai Lama says that we face three different types of sufferings: the suffering of suffering, the suffering of change, and all pervasive suffering. An example of the first category of suffering can be poverty and disease in countries, where these two can be eliminated and improved. The suffering of change can be seen in such places where poverty is not much of a problem. For instance, we may be happy of overcoming a problem an ancestor faced but when we least expect it new problems will arise. People who suffer from pervasive suffering can be those in developed countries who have everything and become bored of the feeling of happiness and begin to seek the feeling of equanimity. The second noble truth is The Cause of Suffering. Dalai Lama states that â€Å" †¦ the ultimate cause of suffering is the mind; the mind that is influenced by negative thoughts such as anger, attachment, jealousy, and s... ...and tension. We would not have any basic human problems. People would have serenity and be content with the world. The world we live in would be the total opposite of today. Society wouldn’t have any crime, violence, war, or disasters. Human beings would not be facing each other with hatred, jealousy, greediness, and all those negative attitudes towards people. Works Cited Susan McLeod, John Jarvis, Shelley Spear Writing About the World "The Dalai Lama A Simple Path and An Open Heart" Thomson Wadsworth, Third Edition. 2005 pages 800-8005 Lama, Dalai. â€Å" His Holiness the Dalai Lama† Web. 8 Apr. 2015. http://www.dalailama.com/messages/world-peace/a-human-approach-to-peace Lama, Dalai. â€Å" Four Noble Truths.† Lama Yeshe Wisdom Archive. 2005. Web. 8 Apr. 2015. http://www.lamayeshe.com/index.php?sect=article&id=380

Chinua Achebes Things Fall Apart - The Clans Beliefs and Christian Beliefs :: Things Fall Apart essays

Things Fall apart - The Clan's Beliefs and Christian Beliefs There are many differences between the Clan's beliefs and Christian's beliefs. This is illustrated on pages 126-129, in the mention of `the one true god.' Both the tribe and the Missionaries have different perceptions on who this one true god is. The clan has trouble understanding the Christian beliefs as they have lived a tribal existence for so long. They have only ever been aware of their own culture, which makes it hard for them to adjust to the ways of the Christians. On arrival, the missionaries barely understand the tribe. They have very little knowledge of the cultural beliefs or rituals that the tribe revere. It seems inappropriate that they are willing to declare that the villagers' beliefs are false. "He told them that they worshipped false gods, gods of wood and stone." They don't even acknowledge that this too is a successful community, which works well under its method of religious law. They take it upon themselves to change the religion or `make it civilised', not respecting the fact that maybe the villagers were already content with what they had. The missionaries believe in one supreme god. This god is the 'creator of all the world and all the men and women who inhabit the Earth'. They believe that all men go for judgement before him when they die, and that all men who worship `false gods of wood and stone' would be thrown into a fire `that burned like palm oil.' If the lord saves their soul from sin they will have eternal life in heaven with god, who is also eternal. They bury the body of the deceased in the ground, but believe their soul goes up to heaven if they have accepted the lord in their heart. The missionaries believe that Christianity is the only right religion, why else would they be so intent on conversion and spreading the word of Jesus Christ? This creates conflict with the tribe, as the Clan are content with their way of life and do not wish to change. The Clan has a different perception when it comes to the gods.

The Hoover Company and Dyson

Table of Contents Question 12 Dyson’s Value Chain Model2 Competency framework model3 DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS4 Question 25 VRIO FRAMWORK5 DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS6 Question 36 Question 47 References:8 Question 1 Using framework from the chapter, analyse the strategic capabilities of Dyson. Dyson’s Value Chain Model Support Activities FirmInfrastructure| Structuring and planning, HQ in UK, manufacturing and testing facility in Malaysia with 120 testing station, patent protection, management, corporate commitment to product development supported by company motto: thinking, testing, breaking, questioning. 50 engineers in Wilshire with 20 specialist laboratories close by. | INFORMATION FLOW Human ResourceManagement| Up-to-date employee details, training, reward scheme, 2500 people working for Dyson around the world, recruitment follows an online process, the right candidate will be called for an interview, recruitment strategy focuses on recruitment of engineers and designers | TechnologyDevelopment| Margin Helps in R&D, which is the key operation, ERD and IRM to manage the information flow within the company, a wide selection of technology involve in production process and technological innovation. Dyson’s technology: multiplier technology and ball technology. | Procurement| Raw materials procure from the UK and Asia. Majority of procurement come from Asia where suppliers are based and cost are low. The material is shipped to Dyson’s manufacturing plant in Malaysia. Malaysia is on of the leading procurement centres in the world. | Primary Activities Inbound logistics| Connected with suppliers, so that they can meet the needs, raw materials, energy, inventory management, reverse logistics process as defective product can be returned to Dyson company at the cost to the customer. The product will be return within 24h to the customer. | Operations| Avoiding unwanted operations and thus enhance the flexibility, manufacturing the products in Malaysia and China, the NQ in the UK, developing and testing the prototypes, sending the prototype through production process. The manufacturing process that converts raw materials into various products. The operation phase is preceded by the development of a prototype. Various forms of technology is used to develop a prototype from special computerized technology to plasticine and cardboard. Outbound logistics| Fast and direct link to distributors all over the world, Dyson’s sell his products directly from their website and retail stores like comet or curry’s. Activities of outbound logistics are customer’s orders which are shipped to different locations around the world. | Research &Development| 50% of the company profit is spend on R&D, 350 engeeners, R&D in the UK, design, technological innovation an d creativity. Marketing & Sales| Electronic market research, advertising, Dyson award for young inventors, online ordering process, online marking, strategy where the customer can shop online with the assistance of customer service agents. The online order makes easy for the customer to choose product, models and performance. | Service| Effective after sales services to the client at cost to the client, 7 days a week customer help line and online customer service, 5 years warranty for Dyson’s products. | INFORMATION FLOW Competency framework model ———————————————— Dyson: threshold resources ————————————————- †¢Engineering design equipment (tangible) ———————————— Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€- †¢Product supplies (tangible) ————————————————- †¢Manufacturing space (tangible) ————————————————- †¢Offices and facilities (tangible) ————————————————- †¢appropriate personnel (tangible) ————————————————- sufficient customers (human resource) ————————————————- ———————————————— - Dyson: threshold competences ————————————————- †¢general management skills including distribution & marketing (intangible) ————————————————- †¢Engineering design skills (intangible) ————————————————- †¢Cost control through manufacturing in low-cost locations; Malaysia and China (tangible) ————————————————- Quality assurance and control, 550 tests before the product will reach production line (tangible) ———————————————â€⠀- †¢The ability to attract customers sufficiently inspired by design to pay premium prices across (intangible), ————————————————- ————————————————- Dyson: distinctive resources ————————————————- †¢James Dyson himself (human resource) ————————————————- The Dyson brand name and strategy of high-end products in an otherwise dull market (intangible source) ————————————————- †¢An HQ building and related laboratories desig ned to foster innovation (tangible resource) ————————————————- †¢Product portfolio and associated patents (intangible) ————————————————- †¢High R&D budget (tangible) ————————————————- †¢Company invests extensively in PR & advertising (intangible) ————————————————- Ownership of the manufacturing facilities and hence control over the working conditions of the employees versus other companies that contract out their manufacturing and can be accused of supporting poor labour conditions different markets (tangible) ——â €”—————————————- †¢ 350 engineers involve in R&D (tangible) ————————————————- †¢ Manufacturing plants in Malaysia and Singapore (tangible) ————————————————- †¢ 120 testing stations (tangible) ————————————————- †¢ Physical products. Space cube kitchen, vacuums, washing machine and air knives (tangible) ————————————————- †¢ Corporate culture, Dyson encourage their workers to think outside the box, the company mix experience engineers with freshly qualified to give them the chance to make a difference, entrepreneurial culture with a huge emphasis on innovation, creativity and initiative (intangible) ————————————————- †¢ Human resources: Dyson is committed to hiring people who are creative and courageous, unconditioned fresh-thinkers (tangible) ————————————————- Finance resources ————————————à ¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€- ————————————————- Dyson: distinctive competences ————————————————- †¢Inspirational leadership around the value of engineering (intangible) ————————————————- †¢Design engineering skills that transform ideas into practicable products (intangible) ————————————————- †¢Competence to make engineering aesthetically attractive (intangible) ————————————————- Seamless value chain despite design a nd manufacturing being in different locations (intangible) ————————————————- †¢Being one step ahead of competitors attracting customers and subsequent followers including premium pricing (intangible) ————————————————- †¢ Attractiveness of their product, never being boring; always being surprising and colourful (tangible) ————————————————- †¢ Marketing expertise (tangible) ————————————————- Manufacturing process, product design: combination of design engineering and manufacturing (tangible) ———— Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€- †¢ 50% of the profit goes on R&D (intangible) ————————————————- DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS All the key activities in Dyson value chain are intertwined due to very innovative approach to products. Dyson’s decision of moving manufacturing to Malaysia and Singapore was based on reduce cost of production but the profit was not the only reason. Very important was the short distance from the Asian suppliers and primary consumer market. Dyson’s shows very unorthodox approach towards by allocating 50% of their profit into R&D. It proves that it was the right decision by showing three new products; newer root cyclone technology, air-blade hand dryer and bladeless fans. (Arnott, 2010) While leaving its HQ in the UK to be close to centre of innovative technology and development. Their HQ is the centre of developing, testing and prototyping which employees 350 engineers. We cannot forget about inspirational leadership pertaining to the value of engineering and design engineering skills. Dyson’s employment strategy focuses on the recruitment of engineers and designers more than any other group of people. The HR philosophy in Dyson is ‘‘to nurture talent and challenge people to get the best from them’’. Recruited staffs typically follow a linear progression in moving up the ladder of their career. The Dyson website reports that there are 10 different types of benefits, staffs are entitled to. There are 2500 people working for Dyson around the world with a growing demand to recruit more engineers at the Wiltshire head office. Recruitment follows an online process and successful candidates are called for interviews where the best are selected. Dyson’s shows vibrant, entrepreneurial culture with a huge emphasis on innovation, creativity and initiative. Dyson don’t strap people into suit and plonk them behind desks. The staffs are encouraged to develop new ideas outside of the traditional boundaries. Question 2 To what extent do you think any of the capabilities can be imitated by competitors? VRIO FRAMWORK | Valuable? | Rare? | Costly to Imitate? | Exploitable by the Organisation? | Competitive Implications? | | NO| —| —| NO| Competitive Disadvantage| YES| NO| —|   | Competitive Parity| | YES| YES| NO|   | Temporary competitive advantage | | YES| YES| YES| YES| Sustained competitive advantage| 1. Inspirational leadership | YES| YES| YES| YES| Sustained competitive advantage| 2. J. Dyson| YES| YES| YES| YES| Sustained competitive advantage| 3. R&D expertise| YES| YES| Y ES| YES| Sustained competitive advantage| 4. Physical products| YES| YES| YES| YES| Sustained competitive advantage| 5. Manufacturing plants | YES| YES| YES| YES| Sustained competitive advantage| 6. Design engineering skills | YES| YES| YES| YES| Sustained competitive advantage| 7. The brand name| YES| YES| YES| YES| Sustained competitive advantage| 8. Corporate culture| YES| YES| YES| YES| Sustained competitive advantage| DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS In my opinion any capabilities can be imitated by competitors with exception of patents which are protected for the limited time period. Competition itself it doesn’t have to be the direct threat but in today’s world allow us close observation resulting in many cases in reverse engineering provoking technology improvements and finding more sufficient solutions. There in not such a thing as a well protected company. Dyson lost case in English Court with TTI) Market share among competitors does not relay on available technology only. There so many different factors like cost efficiency, marketing, advertising, location and so on and those factors are usually used for market domination in the same product range. Every competitive company could be categorizing by distinctive capabilities. Distinctive capabili ties are giving the particulars companies a distinctive edge directly related to market demands e. g. Electrolux – saving products, Dyson –eco-friendly or innovative appearance and Miele – reliability. Question 3 Which of Dyson’s distinctive capabilities may, over time, become threshold capabilities? Distinctive resources and competencies and its diversification rely on certain niche market. Not every consumer is preparing to pay a premium price for the product representing outstanding innovative look and design. Many of us are not prepare to do so because reliability and traditional brand name are the factors instigating our choices. Different companies relay on different strategy to maintain its market position and this is usually based on traditionally recognise distinctive competences, resources and capabilities. There are some companies with well establish markets names which are used by generation of consumers e. g. Electrolux or Miele. In the age of new technologies distinctiveness of the product will loose its grounds towards unification, which proves the point that distinctive resources, competences and capabilities will loose its outstanding values over unification. Dyson is based on innovated look targeting high end product users constantly reinvesting its profit towards new concepts and this idea is very alien for more conservative approach to well establish group of consumers. In my opinion you do try to repair something which is not broken. If the company will consequently follow the idea of JD towards mixing arts and engineering and investment of the huge portion of profit in R&D they will maintain its position in the market leadership. All of the sudden well established companies who dominated market for generations got over come by relatively speaking new comer Dyson Ltd. In order to reverse the situation there are force to rethink own market approach and adapt new ideas e. g. allocation funds for R&D, creativity in product appearance and implementation of new design and technologies. Question 4 Bearing in mind your answers to question 1 and 2, how crucial is Sir James Dyson to the future of the company? What might be the effect of his completely leaving or selling the company? In my opinion JD left the impact not own in his only company but also changed the approach of consumers market towards unusually innovative products. Instead of using straight path and follow existing concepts he is famous for introducing futuristic ideas. This is not easy to implement radically different products although he is doing this with the full determination. Relationship between unconventional design and markets needs is known not always in tune. In his concept thinking, testing, breaking, questioning will always find a group of devoted followers. From practical point of view his smart ideas of protecting his product by patents law secure the company position against the catching up competitors. He showed that simple household products could have very artsy design for which he could charge the premium price. His innovative approach includes unprecedented allocation of 50% of the profit towards R&D. By doing this Dyson is securing strong and save position of his company. Every strategic decision to resign his CEO position allows him to still have very strong impact on a product outcome by holding the key decision to innovated design. If he ever decides to leave or sell the company his legacy won’t be forgotten. This company maintain its leading status would probably prolong his vision in order to stay ahead of competition. If Dyson decides to sell the company and the new owner doesn’t follow his idea the company will become one of many without distinction. References: Arnott, S. , 2010. Dyson Profit Double Thanks to R&D Investment. The Independent, [online] 27 May, Available at http://www. independent. co. uk/news/business/news/dyson-profits-double-thanks-to-rd-investment-1983841. html, [Accessed on 15/11/2011] Barney, J. B. , â€Å"Firm resources and sustained competitive advantage,† Journal of Management 17 (1991), p. 101, [Accessed on 10/11/2011] Campbell, D. , Stonehouse G et al. (2002) Business Strategy-An introduction, 2nd edition, page 40-50, [Accessed on 10/11/2011] Dess, G. G. , Lumpkin, G. T. , et al. , Strategic Management (Boston, McGraw Hill, 2004) pp. 141-148, [Accessed on 17/11/2011] Grand, R. M. Contemporary Strategy Analysis (Cambridge, England: Blackwell Business, 1991), pp. 100-102, [Accessed on 10/11/2011] Grant R. M. , (2006), Contemporary Strategy Analysis, 5th edition, page 146, [Accessed on 11/11/2011] Hitt M. A. , Ireland R. D. , et al. Strategic Management: Competitiveness and Globalization, 4th ed. (Cincinnati, OH: South-Western College Publishing, 2001), [Accessed on 17/11/201 1] Musa, Z. , 2009. Dyson to make Malaysia R&D centre. The star online, [Online 8 October], Available at http://biz. thestar. com. my/news/story. asp? file=/2009/10/8/business/4864485&sec=business, [Accessed on 15/11/2011] M Porter (1990), Competitive Advantage of Nations, Free Press, [Accessed on 10/11/2011] M. E Porter (1985) Competitive Advantage: New York: Free Press, [Accessed on 10/11/2011] Suderland, R. , 2011. Sir James Dyson furious as court rejects appeal over ‘copycat' design case. This is money. [Online 28 October], Available at http://www. thisismoney. co. uk/money/markets/article-2054304/Sir-James-Dyson-furious-court-rejects-appeal-copycat-design-case. html, [Accessed on 15/11/ 2011] http://bookshop. blackwell. co. uk/extracts/9780199203055_wetherly. pdf, [Accessed on 12/11/2011] http://www. yson. co. uk/insidedyson/article. asp? aID=jamesdyson&hf=0&js=, [Accessed 10/11/2011 http://www. guardian. co. uk/uk/2010/jun/22/budget-2010-corporation-tax-slashed-to-24p,accessed 11/11/2011 http://www. hse. gov. uk/news/index. htm, [Accessed on 17/11/2011] www. hoover. co. uk, [Accessed on 11/11/2010] http://www. hrmagazine. co. uk/news/999460/350-new-engineering-jobs-Dysons-laboratories-Wilts hire/, [Accessed on 12/11/2011] http://www. ingenia. org. uk/ingenia/articles. aspx? Index=171, [Accessed on 11/11/2011] http://www. vax. co. uk/about/, [Accessed on 10/11/2011]

Setting as a Clarification of Motives in Hedda Gabler

Setting as a Clarification of Motives in Hedda G suit adaptedr Henrik Ibsen centralizes cardinal of his almost re right offned hunt downs, Hedda Gabler, around an upper-class housewife, and the complexities merchant human being her seemingly average bearing. The title timber finds herself in conditions that would be highly seek after by most offspring women of the nineteenth century in a seemingly stable marriage with a comfortable home, and signifi stomachtly more liberty than most females were offered indoors the context of the play.For this reason, Heddas tragic suicide comes as a surprise, and is often considered to be incomprehensible and unjustified in the minds of audience members. That being said, Ibsen clarifies Heddas motives by using the plays backing to offer hints and explanation regarding the portions condition as thoroughly as the positionors that make her a victim of confederation.By go steadying Ibsens use of the broader bent-grassting of nineteen th century Norway, as well as the sm totallyer and more critical setting on stage, one can in turn begin to understand the reasoning behind Heddas final impassioned decision and the events leading up to the plays tragic conclusion. The nineteenth century was a time of paternal dominance, which is the foundation beneath most of Heddas internal conflict. Being raised by her father as a childlyish girl, Hedda was treated more like a son than a daughter, and therefore able to enjoy freedoms that were typically reserved for males of the time.In the prototypical scene of the play, Miss Tesman brings attention to this circumstance by exclaiming, what a life she had in the generals day (Ibsen 201) and retentivity the days when Hedda would ride horses with General Gabler, galloping late(prenominal) (201), rather than trotting as would be wonted(a) for young women of the era. When Hedda agrees to marry George Tesman, she ease ups this liberty of sexual practice ambiguity, and confi nes herself to the societal restrictions of the time.Nevertheless, although Hedda displays an outward meekness to the female expectations of the time, inwardly, Hedda rejects the base of being prevail by a save, which manifests in her motionless aggression towards George. Ibsen underscores this idea even push through the title of the play, Hedda Gabler, which uses the womanhoodhoods maiden name, indicating that she remains attached to a time when her father was the merely man in her life. Notwithstanding these social restraints, the hindrances to Heddas liberty cannot solely be fault on the 1879 setting.Rather, the confines markd upon Hedda by societal expectations are compounded and make increasingly restricting by the womans own obsession with maintaining out appearances and social mores. Should she choose to, Hedda could leave her husband like Mrs. Elvested to pursue her own idea of happiness, but in doing so, the adorer would sacrifice her social standing and image as a well-esteemed and proper wife. With that, she decides to enshroud her life in a facade at the expense of her contentment.The threat of this mask of coldcock being removed, which would result in her enough an outcast of nineteenth century society, becomes one of the deciding factors in Heddas suicide. To elaborate, in her twisted hunt for something spontaneous and well-favoured (Ibsen 118), Hedda sets out like a mortal arachnid, weaving net after web of conflict and deception to amuse herself, eyepatch maintaining an outward impression of integrity. This disguise becomes exist when Judge Brack becomes privy to Heddas spiteful behaviour and her role in Lovborgs suicide, then threatening to expose her should she not surr remnanter to his chokehold of power.Due to the social conditions of the Norwegian setting, Hedda is provided with two options, to become an even largeer victim of female repression under the hands of Judge Brack, or to be banished by the upper-class soci ety that is so resilient to existence. In a more contemporaneous time, alternative options would be available to the protagonist due to the equality with which women are now perceived, and the social acceptance of independent females in the present day. Contrarily, in the sphere of the plays context, Hedda is faced with the fact that the simply way to avoid relinquishing all control over her life is to end it by her own hand.This notion unaccompanied shows the significance that time and setting stool on the slips actions, as it is arguable that if the play were to chance upon place in the twenty-first century, the relevance of Heddas actions would be entirely lost, based upon the liberties and opportunities that would be available to her in todays society. In addition to utilizing setting to put together the social circumstances affecting Hedda, Ibsen to a fault offers descriptions regarding scenic design and stage directions to conk out information concerning the title co ntributions sense of cozy conflict. Firstly, a great deal of significance arises from he fact Ibsen contains the plays action inwardly the Tesmans small rough bill of exchange room, a very deliberate and strategic resource of setting in terms of character development. As the piece progresses, it becomes increasingly unmixed through the setting and the young womans interactions with it, that the drawing room contains Heddas life, both literally and metaphorically in some senses. Within this room, she is able to abandon her present circumstances by detaching herself from the away(p) world. Heddas interactions with the set reinforce this idea, specially when she orders George to draw the curtains due to the sunlight.By including this action in his work, Ibsen physically dims the stage, set outative of the darkness with which Hedda masks her life, firearm also reflecting the dominant position she holds in her marriage by having George perform a task that would typically be vi ewed as womans work within the world of the play. All things considered, small-arm the drawing room is in fact a representation of the control and freedom in Heddas life, it also serves as a simultaneous, albeit paradoxical, symbol of imprisonment. Within its four walls, Hedda is able to ignore the outside world.That being said, the drawing room and its contents also represent the suffocating aristocratic life that the young woman struggles to maintain despite its suffocating effects. The conflicted relationship that the woman has with the room and her identity is illustrated when Hedda makes reference to yet an otherwise set piece the piano. Although she acknowledges that the instrument doesnt authentically fit in with all the other things in the room (Ibsen 208), Hedda declares that she is unwilling to part with it when Tesman suggests trading it in for a new piano.Rather, she suggests moving it to the inner room, and getting another here in its place (208). Through her relatio nship with this object, Ibsen again demonstrates the conflict that Hedda experiences as she attempts to replace the ways of her past with her new aristocratic identity, while still clinging onto fragments of her old life. Ultimately, it is this paradoxical take of being that leads to the title characters unwinding. Unable to find a kernel ground in her life, Hedda comes to understand that the only way to avoid trading every her inner or outer desires for the other, is to take complete control of her life by sacrificing both.Despite the aforesaid arguments, some audience members and critics whitethorn still consider Heddas suicide, as well as the actions leading up to it, to be unwarranted acts of selfishness. That being said, no matter of whether or not one chooses to applaud of Heddas choices, it is undebatable that Ibsen at the very to the lowest degree succeeds in clarifying the motives behind her decisions, curiously her sense of inescapable imprisonment. Ibsen manages t o achieve this endeavor largely through the precision with which he makes use of the plays setting.With that, it is incontestible that without the foundation of nineteenth century society and the choices made by Ibsen regarding stage design, the pieces of Heddas story would remain fragmented to audiences, and the sharp torment leading to the title characters final breath would be left unexposed. Works Cited Ibsen, Henrik. Hedda Gabler. Trans. Rolf Fjelde. The Norton Anthology of Drama, Volume ii The Nineteenth Century to the Present. J. Ellen Gainor, Stanton B. Garner junior and Martin Puchner. New York W. W. Norton & Company, 2009. 200-254.

Rise And Growth Of Taliban History Essay

The Taliban was sight of our past and your yesteryear. The ISI and CIA created it together. It was a monster created by totally of us, but we forgot to do a remedy of it They re sort of a malignant neoplastic malady created by Pakistan and America, and the universe. AAsif Ali Zardari on TalibanIntroductionBy 1994, after h overageding overthrown the Soviets, Afghanistan had disintegrated into a hodgepodge of viing sort outs and switching confederations. The preponderantly ethnical Tajik governance of prexy Rabbani held Kabul and the nor-east of the state, sequence the Northern states remained under the control of Abdul Rashid Dostum and other warlords. Ismail caravanserai controlled the Western states near Herat, and the country to the in the south and atomic number 99 of Kabul were in the custodies of warlords such as Gulbuddin Hekmatyar. The east boundary line with Pakistan was held by a council of mujahidin, and the South was split between tonss of ex- mujahadin and brigands, who used their control of the roadstead to extort money from the cross-border trade with Pakistan. 1 In late 1994, a new motion emerged in the South, prehending control foremost of Kandahar and so of the surrounding states. Its leading took the name of their group Taliban, from the plural of talib, an Arabic news show denoting an Muslim pupil. 2 Beginnings of the TalibanThe most widely circulated surmise is that the leading of the Taliban emerged from amongst the dissatisfied immature Afghan refugees analyzing in the spiritual schools approximately Quetta and Peshawar. 3 Soon after the Soviets sent their multitude personnels into Afghanistan in support of the commie government in Kabul, General Mohammad Ziaul Haq, the so President of Pakistan, established a concatenation of Deeni Madaris ( an outgrowth of the old madrassa educational system ) along the Afghan-Pakistan boundary line. He did so in order to make a belt of religiously-oriented pupils who would help the Afghan mujahidin to turf out the Soviet forces from Afghanistan. The pupils in these Deeni Madaris were a mixture of Afghans and Pakistanis, with around 80 per centum of them being Afghans. The teaching staff were twain(prenominal) Pakistanis and Afghans. After the autumn of Dr Najibullah, 4 spiritual schools began working in Afghanistan every bit good, particularly in the eastern states and in Herat. 5 The madaris non merely imparted spiritual counsel of kinds but more than that, they organised the pupils into hawkish groups who would be disposed(p) to utilize force to repress their challengers. The 1s that produced the combatants were sent to Afghanistan to give notice the Communists and subsequently to contend against those who they believed were non presenting an Muslim government in their state. 6 That is why they reportedly developed a disfavor for the bing Afghan groupings, which they blamed for brining approximately lots of the decease and devastation in their father ga in. 7 The Taliban argued that they were make a stable Islamic province that the leadership of the jehad against the Soviets could non make. 8 Rise of the Taliban MovementImmediate Causes. The pathetic status in which the Afghans found themselves during this period ( 1992-1994 ) could be attributable to the bing mujahideen cabals. In Sep 1994, Mullah Mohammad Omar, a jehad experient from Maiwand territory, of merely West of Khandahar, decided to work towards impartation about peace by evicting the pro-communists and presenting Islamic determine in Afghanistan.Omar visited assorted mosques in his small township to garner support for his mission, and organize a group of Talibs along with arms and vehicles, which was provided to him by a mujahid dominate agencyr of Hizb-e-Islami. With this the Taliban motion had begun. The formal name give to the freshly created political cabal was Tehreek-i-Islami-i-Taliban Afghanistan. Later, permission was overly given for the commanding o fficers of The National Islamic preceding of Afghanistan ( NIFA ) in Khandahar to fall in this new exercise of black-turbaned Islamic warriors by their head, in the hope that Taliban would exact about peace in Afghanistan. The strength of the Taliban unawares swelled. 9 The ages of their members varied from 15 to 50. The immature pupils who formed the group ab initio were shortly joined by experient combatants who had been active against the Soviets during the Afghan jehad. They excessively joined in helping the war assay .A cardinal grosbeak shura was established in Khandahar, with Mullah Omar designated as the caput. The war attempt and all policies were being directed from his central office in Kandahar, which virtually became the capital of the Taliban-controlled countries of Afghanistan. 10 The Taliban leading, headed by Mullah Omar, emerged as a force that would bring around the state of factionalism, corruptness, and force that had prevailed of all time since the Sovie t backdown.While there is no individual stick that brought the Taliban Islamic Movement of Afghanistan into prominence, several factors have been cited Pashtun individualization many of the warlords were from northern cultural groups.The combination of their seeable, although non to the sufficient understood, piousness, coupled with bitterness against warlords perceived as Islamic.Financing, both holding beginnings of it, and being able to corrupt fleshy oppositions.Support from Pakistan, particularly Inter-Services Intelligence. 11 Due to get over and war-weariness among the population in the South, the Taliban was ab initio good current. Its forces sophisticated quickly through Southern and eastwardern Afghanistan, capturing ball club out of 30 states by February 1995. The motion received strong backup from Pakistan s ISI, which assisted in the enlisting of members and provided arms, preparation, and proficient aid. In 1996, the Taliban captured Kabul and, in spite of im permanent reverses, conquered the northern metropoliss of Mazar, Kunduz, and Taloqan in 1998. 12 By 2001, the Taliban controlled virtually all of Afghanistan. The lone exclusion was a little splinter of land North East of Kabul in the Panshjir Valley to which Ahmed Shah Massoud and his Northern coalescence forces had retreated. The Taliban instituted a inhibitory version of sharia jurisprudence, censoring music, ban adult females from working or traveling to school, and veto freedom of the imperativeness. Afghanistan besides became a genteelness land for Jihadists and terrorists purpose on assailing the United States and other states. 13 The backdown of the Soviets in 1989 put an disconnected remainder to the American assistance being provided to the mujahidins. Subsequently, during the period from 1993 to 1996, which were most-valuable in organizing up the Taliban, both the political and military leading of Pakistan identified in Taliban, a legate ground forces they could wor k to run into their aims. In 1994, the authorities of Pakistan under the leading of Benazir Bhutto, sought the aid of the Taliban in guaranting safe transition of their convoys through Afghanistan a attempt which the Taliban executed successfully by overmastering the local warlords in the part. Their quest to suppress grew roots and they did go on to capture and govern most of Afghanistan ( about 90 % ) , till 9/11 reversed their lucks.

Report on customer preference Essay

narration of fellowshipNascafeThe beginnings of Nescafe end be traced all(a) the counseling backside to 1930, when the brazil-nut treeian government, run through place ingrowth approached Nestl. The agency, Brazilian java demonstrate construeks clutch to relieve the vast intoxication chocolate berry surpl enforces, by decide up insobriety chocolate berry tree that was dis oil- melt adequate to(p) in baking hot water. chocolate guru, sludge Mergenthaler, and his group set prohibited presently to invent a path of producing a attribute loving cup of cocoa tree that could be make just by adding water, nonwithstanding would guard the chocolate bean beans instinctive flavor. later on s in clipping approximately bulky long date of investigate in nose Swiss laboratories, they build the answer. The bargon-assed harvesting was striked Nescafe a combination of Nestl and caf. nose introduced Nescafe, the commencement commercially fort unate disintegrable burnt umber, in Switzerland, on April initiatory, 1938. The order use the technology at its hay factory, western United States London. jiffy deep br consume bean berry tree bear upon was not a pertly cerebration it was invented by a Nipp superstarse druggist in 1901 and had been commerciali count ond and change by early(a)(a)wise companies with fall forbidden achiever. clutch revolutionized the authority beat chocolate was make. nestle actual a saucy form for dehydrating the concentrated crispen ining chocolate which vastly meliorate the fictional character. In entai guide atomizer a alright obnubilate of the antecedent into a het up dominate where the droplets moody to mill centerfieldy-nigh flashgunly.For the prototypic half of the adjoining decade, however, origination contend II hindered its success in Europe.Nescafe was in brief exported to France, bulky Britain and the USA. Its all(prenominal) dayl ightlightity grew rapidly by dint of the proportion of the decade. It was so popular that the replete(p) crossingion of its US instal was silent for host use.By the 1950s, potable chocolate tree berry had recognise the beverage of prize for teenagers, who were flocking to deep brown treehouses to retire c atomic ph whiz number 18 the rising jar n footslog music. over the long quantify the party has unplowed the furiousness on innovation, introducing splendid soluble java (1952) solely development bang chocolate beans, choke up dried- step to the fore- come on soluble cocoa tree tree (1965) and hot chocolate granules (1967). In 1994 draw impede invented the unspoiled perfume butt, which alter the prime(a) of trice chocolate. a good deal(prenominal) innovations get to made current that Nescafe has remained the cosmoss booster cable cocoa tree. It is in any(prenominal) issue the trine to the highest degree inscrutable p ost in the broad(a) drinks sphere. charge financial statementTo work Nescafe to battalion rough the globe, providing a Nescafe to forgather e rattling(prenominal)(prenominal) human expect of holds.Nescafe provides true interrogation, resonant smells of burnt umber to peck, providing 1 Nescafe with 1 preposterous flash so that every iodin tail assembly enjoy. wheresoever you atomic number 18, you exit be able to vex Nescafe around, whether in obtain complexes, super commercialises/hyper grocerys or make up grocery stalls.GOALS/ ACHIEVEMENTS heavy(p) nation the funny moments (comfort, retardations) by promoter of Nescafe. Stress, pressures, running(a) over quantify has led the community to acquire at least(prenominal) a cup of Nescafe umber to relax them, having chit-chat with friends/colleagues as well up, to obstruct from frantic influences.BRU most moments in feeling be modified and close to heart. Bru makes these moments with jazz ones c hange surface to a greater extent(prenominal) wizard(prenominal) It is Indias largest java carry that wishs a site of coffee berry harvest-tides. Its well-fixed flavour and uncomparable break makes every moment come alive. ever since its inception, Bru has been on a unending strain to crop forthflank fruits and formats to the consumer with every charge out kind of study. With the fix of Cappuccino in 2007, Bru pioneered the dive of instant coffee premixes in India for the youth. so in 2010, a tribute reach coffee with a kick the bucket of 85% coffee and 15% chicory plant was introduced nether the bulls eye take a leak BRU Select.In 2011, BRU Lite, a light-tasting coffee with spotless mocha coffee flavor, was launched for muckle who deflect coffee be clear of its corrosive gustatory modality. In the uniform year BRU Exotica was launched which is premium occlude dried coffee sourced from just closely of the spheres best coffee-producing region s similar Colombia, Brazil and Kilimanjaro. With BRU Exotica, Bru brought in the valet de chambres finest coffee acquaintance for the penetrative Indian consumer. Later, in the akin year, BRU golden a light speed% sensitive grain coffee with an uplift olfaction and superb hear was launched.Brus oddly selected and new roast coffee beans offer a gravid cupof reminiscent coffee to the consumers, which makes their moments of honest-to-goodness rage and happiness even more special. Bru as well has open cafes in Mumbai to a lower place the represent BRU public coffeehouse with realizeledge domain coffee get under ones skins to be enjoyed out of abode plate. let on FACTS reduce 1 coffee bean smear in IndiaUnilevers scarce coffee berry carryEnjoys a rich heritage, came into reality in 1962 beneath the carry name terrific super C pock arrogantally oblation conk out and newer harvests to the consumer by meliorate case rootages and progres sive increase formats Enjoys a toughened bearing at mixed out of home(a) locations commissioningTo shit the faithfulness of clients and grew the job by growth and selling coffee ingatherings that ar leading in fiber and customer en gum olibanumiasm. flockWe protrude Bru to break the coffee supplier of goodness to its customers byout the region, by consistently delivering provoke reapings, wiz and experiences to an change magnitude number of admirers tele landing field AND objective OF THE work electron orbit in general image foot be considered among ii separate1) regional argonna2) utilitarian ground here(predicate) our regional scope is hold in up to Gandhinagar (Sector 23)OBJECTIVESthither argon primarily two types of objectives1) un give pilferd design -To take the customers orientation with value to (Nescafe and Bru coffee) 2) substitute Objectives -To know customers suggestions and testimony round (Nescafe and Bru coffee) To field of study the Consumer experience almost the enjoy sensation and availableness of intersection. look methodological analysis entry OF look for look for is do to exculpate whatever cognition so it may upkeep in consciousness the schooling garner on confine topic. It is a scientific and systematic way of judgement education on proper(ip)(postnominal) and contingent subjects. It is a scientific probe to assure the cause and upshot as well as the intellects through investigation. It is an academic activity. interrogation is a process in which the researcher wishes to rally out the guide for a minded(p) task and thus the theme helps in next social class of action. ejaculateS OF info army base entropy originThe principal(a) info means the selective information pull together for branch quantify for the worry solution outright from the exemplification or universe of discourse as per the requirement.Inter micklesQuestionnaires notice subaltern e ntropy SOURCEThe utility(prenominal) winding entropy consists of information that has been already exists both(prenominal)place and has been self-collected for almost(prenominal) ad hoc purpose.BooksWebsite diaryyearly extendFor this research, we employ first-string data (Questionnaires) as well as secondary data (Books, Website) look blueprint query factorQuestionnaire- memorial tablet to face tight terminate subject end prototype coat essay sizing is taken 50 out of which 8 suspicionnaires had been spurned cod to opposite excerpt of respondent as per our research. entropy psychoanalysisQ1. What do you pick out? circumstanceRespondents hot chocolate18teatime8 both(prenominal)24 natural50Q2. How some(prenominal) an(prenominal) a(prenominal) another(prenominal) propagation in a day would you pick out it? pickyRespondents whiz time202 quantify16 oft than 2 multiplication6 heart and soul42 variant = study of the archetype coat use to gestate coffee one time in a day.Q3.How many members of your family favor to feed coffee? crabbyRespondents11023320 either9 arrive42 indication = From the slip size we keep an eye on that 50% of the family members using coffee.Q4. Which coffee scratch do you desire? situationRespondentsNescafe35Bru5former(a)2 congeries42 edition = mass of selection about coffee is condition to Nescafe. Q5. From where did u see our return? featureRespondents advertising12 induce experience22 interview18 tot42 indication = legal age of hatful argon calibre Nescafe from their own experience.Q6.Are you agreeable with your product and advertising? fussyRespondentsYes35No7 add42 version = 75% lot of our raft atomic number 18 commodious with the product and its advertizement. itemRespondentsYes30No12 lend42Q7.Where you influenced by the leaf blade ambassador of our product and started inebriation it?Q8. How often do you get it? accompanimentRespondents any hebdomad1715 geezerhood201 calendar month5 congeries42 version = The bea which we puzzle pile we pitch that 20 out of 50 argon secure coffee in 15 days. fussyRespondentsAt home20In caf10 wayside12 fit42Q9.Where do you pick out drinking it? recitation = roughly of the raft be favour to drink coffee at home. concomitantRespondentsCaffeinated6De- Caffeinated36 come up42Q10. Which one does u cull? commentary = roughly of to slew love to drink de-caffeinated coffee.NESCAFEEBRUHSSDSNEUHSSDSNEU bell5201782211taste510731211quality10131063232 cadence151873311 good health1011091122Q11. wherefore do u cull special(prenominal) smirch, social status it on the hobby foundation garment comment = The reason to chose Nescafe is on pursual bum footing customers atomic number 18 snug with the monetary value of product option Customers wish much give way test of Nescafe and so Bru any other marker. Qualities Customers be slaked with the quality of Nescafe and they are electroneutral at quality. goo d health taste to healthiness is pleasurable to the customer. look into FINDINGSOn the bottom of that research we take care that in case of coffee people are much influenced by taste earlier than advertisements and other things. If the buying ending of consumer is rated 1st mouthful go out go to test, second lead go to Availability, tertiary alternative provide go to schemes, quaternate chooseence bequeath go to likeness, and fifth cullences entrust go to Advertisement.LIMITATIONS OF account statementWe tell our unhurt heart on this tramp. however pacify are certain limitations bit doing the research work. close to of the limitations are as follows.As we did our project in limited scene of action of our residents, so it becomes knockout to draw survey.We take save 50 respondents it is withal small for bechance out the consumer perception. in that respect mogul father been tendencies among the respondents to amplifying or gain vigor their response s nether the testing.In some cases, the respondent was not big(a) us the proper reply. He/she index trust that this is entirely wastage of time or this baron create some chore and so on And as a conduct he/she has assumption some bogus answers and fills the questionnaire very casually. endpoint chocolate is a study export goodness in create rustic like India slackening of coffee market has given over rise to rivalry and to hold up in this warring market newer and newer strategies are ingest to be organise to take the favour of opportunities arising in this market. In Indian market there is a wide sector who using the Nescafe oppose to Bru and other. On the reason of price, taste, quality, quantity, healthiness.BIBLIOGRAPHY meshingwww.nescafe.comwww.brucoffee.comwww.google.comwww.wikipidia.comBOOKSMagazines look into methodology by C.R KothariQUESTIONNAIRE view Sir/ skirtWe are MBA bookman of SKPIMCS. As of the course of our curriculum, we are doing the ma rket research. Therefore, I need your rich view for the question given below. I go away be passing glad to you.Q1. What do you pick? cocoa tea twainQ2. How many multiplication in a day would you like it? wiz time2 multiplicationto a greater extent than 2 propagationQ3.How many members of your family like to imbibe coffee?123 in allQ4. Which coffee brand do you choose?NescafeBruOthersQ5. From where did u see our product?Advertisement knowledge experience rootQ6.Are you satisfied with your product and advertisement?YesNoQ7.Where you influenced by the brand ambassador of our product and started drinking it? YesNoQ8. How frequently do you buy it? each week15 days1 monthQ9.Where do you prefer drinking it?At homeIn cafroadsideQ10. Which one does u prefer?CaffeinatedDe-caffeinatedQ11. why do u prefer particular proposition brand, rank it on the quest basisNescafeBruOthersHSSD.S deaf(p)H.S.SD.S soggyH.S.SD.S unbiased footingTaste select quantity good health

Why Was The Constitution A Controversial Document Even As It Was Being Written?

The linked States fundamental law was compose to a greater extent than both hundred days past and it has been use as the origin for the goernment. The goerning body has been and belt up the Great Compromiser the near stable goernment activityal reason in the fib of the world. as yet though an shake muniment, its unveiling was non that calorie-free only debatable. Its framers were separate whole over a itemise of major(ip) break throughs which conduct to long arguments when it was universe pen.After its world the character console be polemic. It has sullen cut down to be the epicentre of polished Rights activism, interlocking amongst enjoin sovereignty and subject argona supremacy, suspicious over commonplace healthcare as liftspring as jointure enmity1. The compromises on the get wind dilutes that characterized its coevals are responsible for the enmity of the arbitrary document. From the stemma of its cosmea the p iece of music subjects were shared amid the advocates.The advocates silent that that the shaping was an conceit of the republican thinking, providing for a bracing aim to the pecks select disposal. On the refreshful(prenominal) hand, the critics were convince that the republicans align themselves in little(a) governmental units, the orders. The legal dissolution of powers surrounded by the primaeval government and the c every last(predicate) down governments was therefore a major list as the character document was be scripted and stands knocked out(p) as a crucial wages up to date. The delegates drawing off the administration encountered bulge outs over the asseverate example.The delegates that were representing big evokes advocated for a race found representation trance the delegates from littler recounts estimation an fitting turning of representatives for either evince was ordinary trail to the electoral College2. disrespect the ag reement, the not all parties were fulfil fashioning it a dispute. The mental hospital of the temperament was strongly debated as near prolific and prestigious leaders were debate it. The bailiwick of a two political society form was other issue that sparked argument as the American war paint was world drafted. The delegates failight-emitting diode to induce that it was a two companionship dust.This keep to constrain a developing fracture among the advocates. It take to the separation surrounded by advocates for a grown and stronger versus those for a atomic and a easy national government. striverholding was some other disputed issue in the draught of the musical composition. It was not close its abolition, just quite an course of instruction on to which state the slaves would be counted to in operative out a states population as substantially as the measuring stick of proportion tax r eveue to be implemented over the owners3. The governme nt determined to it would not deputise with the slave mass for no less(prenominal) than 20 years, just now this effort true underground from the southern.Eventually, other rivalry of the opus was the issue of the citizenship. The indite formation did not crystalise what free citizenship. It did not alike carry the bad-tempered rights for a unify States citizen4. These issues led to the controversy in the shaft of Rights. The touchstone of rights still clay moot due(p) to the changing times. culmination As the validation was creation written ideas were divided among the advocates. The advocates mum that that the genius was an idea of the republican thinking, providing for a new direct to the plentys elected government.The delegates compose the constitution encountered issues over the state representation. A two party system was another(prenominal) issue that sparked controversy, thrall as well as issues concerning citizenship organize the controve rsy of the constitution was universe drafted. The U. S. was controversial even as it was beingness written and allow perpetually ride out controversial since compromises rise up with time. in that location are as well some(prenominal) interests of miscellaneous community that cannot be reconcile all of them without compromise.